Beam management and beam indication in a radio system

ABSTRACT

A wireless device receives one or more messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of a physical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. An RS set of the plurality of RS sets comprises one or more RSs. A medium access control control element, activating the RS set of the plurality of RS sets, is received. A downlink control information, indicating an RS of the RS set, is received. A spatial domain transmission filter, for the physical uplink control channel, is determined based on based on the RS. Uplink control information is transmitted, via the physical uplink control channel, based on the spatial domain transmission filter.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/805,205, filed Feb. 13, 2019, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosureare described herein with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example RAN architecture as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2A is a diagram of an example user plane protocol stack as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B is a diagram of an example control plane protocol stack as peran aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example wireless device and two base stationsas per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D are example diagrams for uplinkand downlink signal transmission as per an aspect of an embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 5A is a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and exampleuplink physical signals as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 5B is a diagram of an example downlink channel mapping and exampledownlink physical signals as per an aspect of an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting an example transmission time or receptiontime for a carrier as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are diagrams depicting example sets of OFDMsubcarriers as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram depicting example OFDM radio resources as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9A is a diagram depicting an example CSI-RS and/or SS blocktransmission in a multi-beam system.

FIG. 9B is a diagram depicting an example downlink beam managementprocedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is an example diagram of configured BWPs as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11B are diagrams of an example multi connectivity asper an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of an example random access procedure as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a structure of example MAC entities as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a diagram of an example RAN architecture as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a diagram of example RRC states as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16A, FIG. 16B and FIG. 16C are examples of MAC subheaders as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17A and FIG. 17B are examples of MAC PDUs as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is an example of LCIDs for DL-SCH as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is an example of LCIDs for UL-SCH as per an aspect of anembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20A is an example of an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE of oneoctet as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20B is an example of an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE offour octets as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21A is an example of an SCell hibernation MAC CE of one octet asper an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21B is an example of an SCell hibernation MAC CE of four octets asper an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21C is an example of MAC control elements for an SCell statetransitions as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 is an example of a signaling-based SCell state transition as peran aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 23 is an example of a timer-based SCell state transition as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 24 is an example of CSI RS transmission with multiple beams as peran aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 25 is an example of various beam management procedures as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B are examples of beam failures as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 27 is an example of DCI formats as per an aspect of an embodimentof the present disclosure.

FIG. 28 is an example of BWP management on an SCell as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 29 is an example of mapping of PUCCH resource as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 30A, FIG. 30B and FIG. 30C are examples of SRS transmissions as peran aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 31 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery requestprocedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 32 is an example of spatial relation beam blocking as per an aspectof an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 33A is an example of spatial relation RS sets configuration andactivation as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 33B is an example of an activation\deactivation MAC CE of twooctets as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 33C is an example of downlink control information indication for aspatial relation RS as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 34 is an example of a procedure for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 35 is an example of a flow chart for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 36A is an example of spatial relation RS sets configuration andactivation as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 36B is an example of downlink control information indication for aspatial relation RS set per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 37 is an example of a procedure for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 38 is an example of a flow chart for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 39A is an example of spatial relation RS sets configuration andactivation as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 39B is an example of spatial relation RS sets configuration andindication as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 40 is an example of a procedure for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 41 is an example of a flow chart for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 42A is an example of PUCCH transmission with time offset as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 42B is an example of PUCCH transmission with time offset as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 43 is an example of a procedure for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 44 is an example of a flow chart for determining a spatial domaintransmission filter as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 45 is a flow diagram of an aspect of an example embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 46 is a flow diagram of an aspect of an example embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Example embodiments of the present disclosure enable beam management andindication operations of a wireless device and/or a base station.Embodiments of the technology disclosed herein may be employed in thetechnical field of beam management and beam indication for multipleantenna communication systems. More particularly, the embodiments of thetechnology disclosed herein may relate to a wireless device and/or abase station in a multiple antennas communication system with beammanagement and indication.

The following Acronyms are used throughout the present disclosure:

3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

5GC 5G Core Network

ACK Acknowledgement

AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

ARQ Automatic Repeat Request

AS Access Stratum

ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit

BA Bandwidth Adaptation

BCCH Broadcast Control Channel

BCH Broadcast Channel

BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying

BWP Bandwidth Part

CA Carrier Aggregation

CC Component Carrier

CCCH Common Control CHannel

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CN Core Network

CP Cyclic Prefix

CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex

C-RNTI Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

CS Configured Scheduling

CSI Channel State Information

CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal

CQI Channel Quality Indicator

CSS Common Search Space

CU Central Unit

DAI Downlink Assignment Index

DC Dual Connectivity

DCCH Dedicated Control Channel

DCI Downlink Control Information

DL Downlink

DL-SCH Downlink Shared CHannel

DM-RS DeModulation Reference Signal

DRB Data Radio Bearer

DRX Discontinuous Reception

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel

DU Distributed Unit

EPC Evolved Packet Core

E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access

E-UTRAN Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

FDD Frequency Division Duplex

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays

Fl-C Fl-Control plane

Fl-U Fl-User plane

gNB next generation Node B

HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest

HDL Hardware Description Languages

IE Information Element

IP Internet Protocol

LCID Logical Channel Identifier

LTE Long Term Evolution

MAC Media Access Control

MCG Master Cell Group

MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme

MeNB Master evolved Node B

MIB Master Information Block

MME Mobility Management Entity

MN Master Node

NACK Negative Acknowledgement

NAS Non-Access Stratum

NG CP Next Generation Control Plane

NGC Next Generation Core

NG-C NG-Control plane

ng-eNB next generation evolved Node B

NG-U NG-User plane

NR New Radio

NR MAC New Radio MAC

NR PDCP New Radio PDCP

NR PHY New Radio PHYsical

NR RLC New Radio RLC

NR RRC New Radio RRC

NSSAI Network Slice Selection Assistance Information

O&M Operation and Maintenance

OFDM orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

PBCH Physical Broadcast CHannel

PCC Primary Component Carrier

PCCH Paging Control CHannel

PCell Primary Cell

PCH Paging CHannel

PDCCH Physical Downlink Control CHannel

PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol

PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared CHannel

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PHICH Physical HARQ Indicator CHannel

PHY PHYsical

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator

PRACH Physical Random Access CHannel

PRB Physical Resource Block

PSCell Primary Secondary Cell

PSS Primary Synchronization Signal

pTAG primary Timing Advance Group

PT-RS Phase Tracking Reference Signal

PUCCH Physical Uplink Control CHannel

PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared CHannel

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QFI Quality of Service Indicator

QoS Quality of Service

QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

RA Random Access

RACH Random Access CHannel

RAN Radio Access Network

RAT Radio Access Technology

RA-RNTI Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

RB Resource Blocks

RBG Resource Block Groups

RI Rank indicator

RLC Radio Link Control

RLM Radio Link Monitoring

RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier

RRC Radio Resource Control

RRM Radio Resource Management

RS Reference Signal

RSRP Reference Signal Received Power

SCC Secondary Component Carrier

SCell Secondary Cell

SCG Secondary Cell Group

SC-FDMA Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access

SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol

SDU Service Data Unit

SeNB Secondary evolved Node B

SFN System Frame Number

S-GW Serving GateWay

SI System Information

SIB System Information Block

SMF Session Management Function

SN Secondary Node

SpCell Special Cell

SRB Signaling Radio Bearer

SRS Sounding Reference Signal

SS Synchronization Signal

SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal

sTAG secondary Timing Advance Group

TA Timing Advance

TAG Timing Advance Group

TAI Tracking Area Identifier

TAT Time Alignment Timer

TB Transport Block

TCI Transmission Configuration Indication

TC-RNTI Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

TDD Time Division Duplex

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

TRP Transmission Reception Point

TTI Transmission Time Interval

UCI Uplink Control Information

UE User Equipment

UL Uplink

UL-SCH Uplink Shared CHannel

UPF User Plane Function

UPGW User Plane Gateway

VHDL VHSIC Hardware Description Language

Xn-C Xn-Control plane

Xn-U Xn-User plane

Example embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented using variousphysical layer modulation and transmission mechanisms. Exampletransmission mechanisms may include, but not limited to: Code DivisionMultiple Access (CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access(OFDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Wavelet technologies,and/or the like. Hybrid transmission mechanisms such as TDMA/CDMA, andOFDM/CDMA may also be employed. Various modulation schemes may beapplied for signal transmission in the physical layer. Examples ofmodulation schemes include, but are not limited to: phase, amplitude,code, a combination of these, and/or the like. An example radiotransmission method may implement Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK), 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, and/or the like. Physicalradio transmission may be enhanced by dynamically or semi-dynamicallychanging the modulation and coding scheme depending on transmissionrequirements and radio conditions.

FIG. 1 is an example Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture as per anaspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated inthis example, a RAN node may be a next generation Node B (gNB) (e.g.120A, 120B) providing New Radio (NR) user plane and control planeprotocol terminations towards a first wireless device (e.g. 110A). In anexample, a RAN node may be a next generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB)(e.g. 120C, 120D), providing Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards asecond wireless device (e.g. 110B). The first wireless device maycommunicate with a gNB over a Uu interface. The second wireless devicemay communicate with a ng-eNB over a Uu interface.

A gNB or an ng-eNB may host functions such as radio resource managementand scheduling, IP header compression, encryption and integrityprotection of data, selection of Access and Mobility Management Function(AMF) at User Equipment (UE) attachment, routing of user plane andcontrol plane data, connection setup and release, scheduling andtransmission of paging messages (originated from the AMF), schedulingand transmission of system broadcast information (originated from theAMF or Operation and Maintenance (O&M)), measurement and measurementreporting configuration, transport level packet marking in the uplink,session management, support of network slicing, Quality of Service (QoS)flow management and mapping to data radio bearers, support of UEs inRRC_INACTIVE state, distribution function for Non-Access Stratum (NAS)messages, RAN sharing, dual connectivity or tight interworking betweenNR and E-UTRA.

In an example, one or more gNBs and/or one or more ng-eNBs may beinterconnected with each other by means of Xn interface. A gNB or anng-eNB may be connected by means of NG interfaces to 5G Core Network(5GC). In an example, 5GC may comprise one or more AMF/User PlanFunction (UPF) functions (e.g. 130A or 130B). A gNB or an ng-eNB may beconnected to a UPF by means of an NG-User plane (NG-U) interface. TheNG-U interface may provide delivery (e.g. non-guaranteed delivery) ofuser plane Protocol Data Units (PDUs) between a RAN node and the UPF. AgNB or an ng-eNB may be connected to an AMF by means of an NG-Controlplane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide functions such asNG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management,transport of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, configurationtransfer or warning message transmission.

In an example, a UPF may host functions such as anchor point forintra-/inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility (when applicable),external PDU session point of interconnect to data network, packetrouting and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane part of policyrule enforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplink classifier to supportrouting traffic flows to a data network, branching point to supportmulti-homed PDU session, QoS handling for user plane, e.g. packetfiltering, gating, Uplink (UL)/Downlink (DL) rate enforcement, uplinktraffic verification (e.g. Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping),downlink packet buffering and/or downlink data notification triggering.

In an example, an AMF may host functions such as NAS signalingtermination, NAS signaling security, Access Stratum (AS) securitycontrol, inter Core Network (CN) node signaling for mobility between 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP) access networks, idle mode UEreachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmission),registration area management, support of intra-system and inter-systemmobility, access authentication, access authorization including check ofroaming rights, mobility management control (subscription and policies),support of network slicing and/or Session Management Function (SMF)selection.

FIG. 2A is an example user plane protocol stack, where Service DataAdaptation Protocol (SDAP) (e.g. 211 and 221), Packet Data ConvergenceProtocol (PDCP) (e.g. 212 and 222), Radio Link Control (RLC) (e.g. 213and 223) and Media Access Control (MAC) (e.g. 214 and 224) sublayers andPhysical (PHY) (e.g. 215 and 225) layer may be terminated in wirelessdevice (e.g. 110) and gNB (e.g. 120) on the network side. In an example,a PHY layer provides transport services to higher layers (e.g. MAC, RRC,etc). In an example, services and functions of a MAC sublayer maycomprise mapping between logical channels and transport channels,multiplexing/demultiplexing of MAC Service Data Units (SDUs) belongingto one or different logical channels into/from Transport Blocks (TBs)delivered to/from the PHY layer, scheduling information reporting, errorcorrection through Hybrid Automatic Repeat request (HARQ) (e.g. one HARQentity per carrier in case of Carrier Aggregation (CA)), priorityhandling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling, priority handlingbetween logical channels of one UE by means of logical channelprioritization, and/or padding. A MAC entity may support one or multiplenumerologies and/or transmission timings. In an example, mappingrestrictions in a logical channel prioritization may control whichnumerology and/or transmission timing a logical channel may use. In anexample, an RLC sublayer may supports transparent mode (TM),unacknowledged mode (UM) and acknowledged mode (AM) transmission modes.The RLC configuration may be per logical channel with no dependency onnumerologies and/or Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations. In anexample, Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) may operate on any of thenumerologies and/or TTI durations the logical channel is configuredwith. In an example, services and functions of the PDCP layer for theuser plane may comprise sequence numbering, header compression anddecompression, transfer of user data, reordering and duplicatedetection, PDCP PDU routing (e.g. in case of split bearers),retransmission of PDCP SDUs, ciphering, deciphering and integrityprotection, PDCP SDU discard, PDCP re-establishment and data recoveryfor RLC AM, and/or duplication of PDCP PDUs. In an example, services andfunctions of SDAP may comprise mapping between a QoS flow and a dataradio bearer. In an example, services and functions of SDAP may comprisemapping Quality of Service Indicator (QFI) in DL and UL packets. In anexample, a protocol entity of SDAP may be configured for an individualPDU session.

FIG. 2B is an example control plane protocol stack where PDCP (e.g. 233and 242), RLC (e.g. 234 and 243) and MAC (e.g. 235 and 244) sublayersand PHY (e.g. 236 and 245) layer may be terminated in wireless device(e.g. 110) and gNB (e.g. 120) on a network side and perform service andfunctions described above. In an example, RRC (e.g. 232 and 241) may beterminated in a wireless device and a gNB on a network side. In anexample, services and functions of RRC may comprise broadcast of systeminformation related to AS and NAS, paging initiated by 5GC or RAN,establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between theUE and RAN, security functions including key management, establishment,configuration, maintenance and release of Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs)and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs), mobility functions, QoS managementfunctions, UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting,detection of and recovery from radio link failure, and/or NAS messagetransfer to/from NAS from/to a UE. In an example, NAS control protocol(e.g. 231 and 251) may be terminated in the wireless device and AMF(e.g. 130) on a network side and may perform functions such asauthentication, mobility management between a UE and a AMF for 3GPPaccess and non-3GPP access, and session management between a UE and aSMF for 3GPP access and non-3GPP access.

In an example, a base station may configure a plurality of logicalchannels for a wireless device. A logical channel in the plurality oflogical channels may correspond to a radio bearer and the radio bearermay be associated with a QoS requirement. In an example, a base stationmay configure a logical channel to be mapped to one or moreTTIs/numerologies in a plurality of TTIs/numerologies. The wirelessdevice may receive a Downlink Control Information (DCI) via PhysicalDownlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) indicating an uplink grant. In anexample, the uplink grant may be for a first TTI/numerology and mayindicate uplink resources for transmission of a transport block. Thebase station may configure each logical channel in the plurality oflogical channels with one or more parameters to be used by a logicalchannel prioritization procedure at the MAC layer of the wirelessdevice. The one or more parameters may comprise priority, prioritizedbit rate, etc. A logical channel in the plurality of logical channelsmay correspond to one or more buffers comprising data associated withthe logical channel. The logical channel prioritization procedure mayallocate the uplink resources to one or more first logical channels inthe plurality of logical channels and/or one or more MAC ControlElements (CEs). The one or more first logical channels may be mapped tothe first TTI/numerology. The MAC layer at the wireless device maymultiplex one or more MAC CEs and/or one or more MAC SDUs (e.g., logicalchannel) in a MAC PDU (e.g., transport block). In an example, the MACPDU may comprise a MAC header comprising a plurality of MAC sub-headers.A MAC sub-header in the plurality of MAC sub-headers may correspond to aMAC CE or a MAC SUD (logical channel) in the one or more MAC CEs and/orone or more MAC SDUs. In an example, a MAC CE or a logical channel maybe configured with a Logical Channel IDentifier (LCID). In an example,LCID for a logical channel or a MAC CE may be fixed/pre-configured. Inan example, LCID for a logical channel or MAC CE may be configured forthe wireless device by the base station. The MAC sub-headercorresponding to a MAC CE or a MAC SDU may comprise LCID associated withthe MAC CE or the MAC SDU.

In an example, a base station may activate and/or deactivate and/orimpact one or more processes (e.g., set values of one or more parametersof the one or more processes or start and/or stop one or more timers ofthe one or more processes) at the wireless device by employing one ormore MAC commands. The one or more MAC commands may comprise one or moreMAC control elements. In an example, the one or more processes maycomprise activation and/or deactivation of PDCP packet duplication forone or more radio bearers. The base station may transmit a MAC CEcomprising one or more fields, the values of the fields indicatingactivation and/or deactivation of PDCP duplication for the one or moreradio bearers. In an example, the one or more processes may compriseChannel State Information (CSI) transmission of on one or more cells.The base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs indicating activationand/or deactivation of the CSI transmission on the one or more cells. Inan example, the one or more processes may comprise activation ordeactivation of one or more secondary cells. In an example, the basestation may transmit a MA CE indicating activation or deactivation ofone or more secondary cells. In an example, the base station maytransmit one or more MAC CEs indicating starting and/or stopping one ormore Discontinuous Reception (DRX) timers at the wireless device. In anexample, the base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs indicatingone or more timing advance values for one or more Timing Advance Groups(TAGs).

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of base stations (base station 1, 120A, andbase station 2, 120B) and a wireless device 110. A wireless device maybe called an UE. A base station may be called a NB, eNB, gNB, and/orng-eNB. In an example, a wireless device and/or a base station may actas a relay node. The base station 1, 120A, may comprise at least onecommunication interface 320A (e.g. a wireless modem, an antenna, a wiredmodem, and/or the like), at least one processor 321A, and at least oneset of program code instructions 323A stored in non-transitory memory322A and executable by the at least one processor 321A. The base station2, 120B, may comprise at least one communication interface 320B, atleast one processor 321B, and at least one set of program codeinstructions 323B stored in non-transitory memory 322B and executable bythe at least one processor 321B.

A base station may comprise many sectors for example: 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6sectors. A base station may comprise many cells, for example, rangingfrom 1 to 50 cells or more. A cell may be categorized, for example, as aprimary cell or secondary cell. At Radio Resource Control (RRC)connection establishment/re-establishment/handover, one serving cell mayprovide the NAS (non-access stratum) mobility information (e.g. TrackingArea Identifier (TAI)). At RRC connection re-establishment/handover, oneserving cell may provide the security input. This cell may be referredto as the Primary Cell (PCell). In the downlink, a carrier correspondingto the PCell may be a DL Primary Component Carrier (PCC), while in theuplink, a carrier may be an UL PCC. Depending on wireless devicecapabilities, Secondary Cells (SCells) may be configured to formtogether with a PCell a set of serving cells. In a downlink, a carriercorresponding to an SCell may be a downlink secondary component carrier(DL SCC), while in an uplink, a carrier may be an uplink secondarycomponent carrier (UL SCC). An SCell may or may not have an uplinkcarrier.

A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionally an uplink carrier,may be assigned a physical cell ID and a cell index. A carrier (downlinkor uplink) may belong to one cell. The cell ID or cell index may alsoidentify the downlink carrier or uplink carrier of the cell (dependingon the context it is used). In the disclosure, a cell ID may be equallyreferred to a carrier ID, and a cell index may be referred to a carrierindex. In an implementation, a physical cell ID or a cell index may beassigned to a cell. A cell ID may be determined using a synchronizationsignal transmitted on a downlink carrier. A cell index may be determinedusing RRC messages. For example, when the disclosure refers to a firstphysical cell ID for a first downlink carrier, the disclosure may meanthe first physical cell ID is for a cell comprising the first downlinkcarrier. The same concept may apply to, for example, carrier activation.When the disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, thespecification may equally mean that a cell comprising the first carrieris activated.

A base station may transmit to a wireless device one or more messages(e.g. RRC messages) comprising a plurality of configuration parametersfor one or more cells. One or more cells may comprise at least oneprimary cell and at least one secondary cell. In an example, an RRCmessage may be broadcasted or unicasted to the wireless device. In anexample, configuration parameters may comprise common parameters anddedicated parameters.

Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may comprise at least oneof: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paginginitiated by 5GC and/or NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance, and/orrelease of an RRC connection between a wireless device and NG-RAN, whichmay comprise at least one of addition, modification and release ofcarrier aggregation; or addition, modification, and/or release of dualconnectivity in NR or between E-UTRA and NR. Services and/or functionsof an RRC sublayer may further comprise at least one of securityfunctions comprising key management; establishment, configuration,maintenance, and/or release of Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and/orData Radio Bearers (DRBs); mobility functions which may comprise atleast one of a handover (e.g. intra NR mobility or inter-RAT mobility)and a context transfer; or a wireless device cell selection andreselection and control of cell selection and reselection. Servicesand/or functions of an RRC sublayer may further comprise at least one ofQoS management functions; a wireless device measurementconfiguration/reporting; detection of and/or recovery from radio linkfailure; or NAS message transfer to/from a core network entity (e.g.AMF, Mobility Management Entity (MME)) from/to the wireless device.

An RRC sublayer may support an RRC_Idle state, an RRC_Inactive stateand/or an RRC_Connected state for a wireless device. In an RRC_Idlestate, a wireless device may perform at least one of: Public Land MobileNetwork (PLMN) selection; receiving broadcasted system information; cellselection/re-selection; monitoring/receiving a paging for mobileterminated data initiated by 5GC; paging for mobile terminated data areamanaged by 5GC; or DRX for CN paging configured via NAS. In anRRC_Inactive state, a wireless device may perform at least one of:receiving broadcasted system information; cell selection/re-selection;monitoring/receiving a RAN/CN paging initiated by NG-RAN/5GC; RAN-basednotification area (RNA) managed by NG-RAN; or DRX for RAN/CN pagingconfigured by NG-RAN/NAS. In an RRC_Idle state of a wireless device, abase station (e.g. NG-RAN) may keep a 5GC-NG-RAN connection (bothC/U-planes) for the wireless device; and/or store a UE AS context forthe wireless device. In an RRC_Connected state of a wireless device, abase station (e.g. NG-RAN) may perform at least one of: establishment of5GC-NG-RAN connection (both C/U-planes) for the wireless device; storinga UE AS context for the wireless device; transmit/receive of unicastdata to/from the wireless device; or network-controlled mobility basedon measurement results received from the wireless device. In anRRC_Connected state of a wireless device, an NG-RAN may know a cell thatthe wireless device belongs to.

System information (SI) may be divided into minimum SI and other SI. Theminimum SI may be periodically broadcast. The minimum SI may comprisebasic information required for initial access and information foracquiring any other SI broadcast periodically or provisioned on-demand,i.e. scheduling information. The other SI may either be broadcast, or beprovisioned in a dedicated manner, either triggered by a network or uponrequest from a wireless device. A minimum SI may be transmitted via twodifferent downlink channels using different messages (e.g.MasterInformationBlock and SystemInformationBlockType1). Another SI maybe transmitted via SystemInformationBlockType2. For a wireless device inan RRC_Connected state, dedicated RRC signalling may be employed for therequest and delivery of the other SI. For the wireless device in theRRC_Idle state and/or the RRC_Inactive state, the request may trigger arandom-access procedure.

A wireless device may report its radio access capability informationwhich may be static. A base station may request what capabilities for awireless device to report based on band information. When allowed by anetwork, a temporary capability restriction request may be sent by thewireless device to signal the limited availability of some capabilities(e.g. due to hardware sharing, interference or overheating) to the basestation. The base station may confirm or reject the request. Thetemporary capability restriction may be transparent to 5GC (e.g., staticcapabilities may be stored in 5GC).

When CA is configured, a wireless device may have an RRC connection witha network. At RRC connection establishment/re-establishment/handoverprocedure, one serving cell may provide NAS mobility information, and atRRC connection re-establishment/handover, one serving cell may provide asecurity input. This cell may be referred to as the PCell. Depending onthe capabilities of the wireless device, SCells may be configured toform together with the PCell a set of serving cells. The configured setof serving cells for the wireless device may comprise one PCell and oneor more SCells.

The reconfiguration, addition and removal of SCells may be performed byRRC. At intra-NR handover, RRC may also add, remove, or reconfigureSCells for usage with the target PCell. When adding a new SCell,dedicated RRC signalling may be employed to send all required systeminformation of the SCell i.e. while in connected mode, wireless devicesmay not need to acquire broadcasted system information directly from theSCells.

The purpose of an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure may be tomodify an RRC connection, (e.g. to establish, modify and/or release RBs,to perform handover, to setup, modify, and/or release measurements, toadd, modify, and/or release SCells and cell groups). As part of the RRCconnection reconfiguration procedure, NAS dedicated information may betransferred from the network to the wireless device. TheRRCConnectionReconfiguration message may be a command to modify an RRCconnection. It may convey information for measurement configuration,mobility control, radio resource configuration (e.g. RBs, MAC mainconfiguration and physical channel configuration) comprising anyassociated dedicated NAS information and security configuration. If thereceived RRC Connection Reconfiguration message includes thesCellToReleaseList, the wireless device may perform an SCell release. Ifthe received RRC Connection Reconfiguration message includes thesCellToAddModList, the wireless device may perform SCell additions ormodification.

An RRC connection establishment (or reestablishment, resume) proceduremay be to establish (or reestablish, resume) an RRC connection. an RRCconnection establishment procedure may comprise SRB1 establishment. TheRRC connection establishment procedure may be used to transfer theinitial NAS dedicated information/message from a wireless device toE-UTRAN. The RRCConnectionReestablishment message may be used tore-establish SRB1.

A measurement report procedure may be to transfer measurement resultsfrom a wireless device to NG-RAN. The wireless device may initiate ameasurement report procedure after successful security activation. Ameasurement report message may be employed to transmit measurementresults.

The wireless device 110 may comprise at least one communicationinterface 310 (e.g. a wireless modem, an antenna, and/or the like), atleast one processor 314, and at least one set of program codeinstructions 316 stored in non-transitory memory 315 and executable bythe at least one processor 314. The wireless device 110 may furthercomprise at least one of at least one speaker/microphone 311, at leastone keypad 312, at least one display/touchpad 313, at least one powersource 317, at least one global positioning system (GPS) chipset 318,and other peripherals 319.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A of thebase station 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B of the base station 2120B may comprise at least one of a general-purpose processor, a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a controller, a microcontroller, an applicationspecific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array(FPGA) and/or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and/ortransistor logic, discrete hardware components, and the like. Theprocessor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A in basestation 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B in base station 2 120B mayperform at least one of signal coding/processing, data processing, powercontrol, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality thatmay enable the wireless device 110, the base station 1 120A and/or thebase station 2 120B to operate in a wireless environment.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may be connected to thespeaker/microphone 311, the keypad 312, and/or the display/touchpad 313.The processor 314 may receive user input data from and/or provide useroutput data to the speaker/microphone 311, the keypad 312, and/or thedisplay/touchpad 313. The processor 314 in the wireless device 110 mayreceive power from the power source 317 and/or may be configured todistribute the power to the other components in the wireless device 110.The power source 317 may comprise at least one of one or more dry cellbatteries, solar cells, fuel cells, and the like. The processor 314 maybe connected to the GPS chipset 318. The GPS chipset 318 may beconfigured to provide geographic location information of the wirelessdevice 110.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may further be connected toother peripherals 319, which may comprise one or more software and/orhardware modules that provide additional features and/orfunctionalities. For example, the peripherals 319 may comprise at leastone of an accelerometer, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera, auniversal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequencymodulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, and thelike.

The communication interface 320A of the base station 1, 120A, and/or thecommunication interface 320B of the base station 2, 120B, may beconfigured to communicate with the communication interface 310 of thewireless device 110 via a wireless link 330A and/or a wireless link 330Brespectively. In an example, the communication interface 320A of thebase station 1, 120A, may communicate with the communication interface320B of the base station 2 and other RAN and core network nodes.

The wireless link 330A and/or the wireless link 330B may comprise atleast one of a bi-directional link and/or a directional link. Thecommunication interface 310 of the wireless device 110 may be configuredto communicate with the communication interface 320A of the base station1 120A and/or with the communication interface 320B of the base station2 120B. The base station 1 120A and the wireless device 110 and/or thebase station 2 120B and the wireless device 110 may be configured tosend and receive transport blocks via the wireless link 330A and/or viathe wireless link 330B, respectively. The wireless link 330A and/or thewireless link 330B may employ at least one frequency carrier. Accordingto some of various aspects of embodiments, transceiver(s) may beemployed. A transceiver may be a device that comprises both atransmitter and a receiver. Transceivers may be employed in devices suchas wireless devices, base stations, relay nodes, and/or the like.Example embodiments for radio technology implemented in thecommunication interface 310, 320A, 320B and the wireless link 330A, 330Bare illustrated in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C, FIG. 4D, FIG. 6 , FIG. 7A,FIG. 7B, FIG. 8 , and associated text.

In an example, other nodes in a wireless network (e.g. AMF, UPF, SMF,etc) may comprise one or more communication interfaces, one or moreprocessors, and memory storing instructions.

A node (e.g. wireless device, base station, AMF, SMF, UPF, servers,switches, antennas, and/or the like) may comprise one or moreprocessors, and memory storing instructions that when executed by theone or more processors causes the node to perform certain processesand/or functions. Example embodiments may enable operation ofsingle-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. Other exampleembodiments may comprise a non-transitory tangible computer readablemedia comprising instructions executable by one or more processors tocause operation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications.Yet other example embodiments may comprise an article of manufacturethat comprises a non-transitory tangible computer readablemachine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon forenabling programmable hardware to cause a node to enable operation ofsingle-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. The node may includeprocessors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.

An interface may comprise at least one of a hardware interface, afirmware interface, a software interface, and/or a combination thereof.The hardware interface may comprise connectors, wires, electronicdevices such as drivers, amplifiers, and/or the like. The softwareinterface may comprise code stored in a memory device to implementprotocol(s), protocol layers, communication drivers, device drivers,combinations thereof, and/or the like. The firmware interface maycomprise a combination of embedded hardware and code stored in and/or incommunication with a memory device to implement connections, electronicdevice operations, protocol(s), protocol layers, communication drivers,device drivers, hardware operations, combinations thereof, and/or thelike.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D are example diagrams for uplinkand downlink signal transmission as per an aspect of an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. FIG. 4A shows an example uplink transmitter forat least one physical channel A baseband signal representing a physicaluplink shared channel may perform one or more functions. The one or morefunctions may comprise at least one of: scrambling; modulation ofscrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping of thecomplex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmissionlayers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols;precoding of the complex-valued symbols; mapping of precodedcomplex-valued symbols to resource elements; generation ofcomplex-valued time-domain Single Carrier-Frequency Division MultipleAccess (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signal for an antenna port; and/or the like.In an example, when transform precoding is enabled, a SC-FDMA signal foruplink transmission may be generated. In an example, when transformprecoding is not enabled, an CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission maybe generated by FIG. 4A. These functions are illustrated as examples andit is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in variousembodiments.

An example structure for modulation and up-conversion to the carrierfrequency of the complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal foran antenna port and/or the complex-valued Physical Random Access CHannel(PRACH) baseband signal is shown in FIG. 4B. Filtering may be employedprior to transmission.

An example structure for downlink transmissions is shown in FIG. 4C. Thebaseband signal representing a downlink physical channel may perform oneor more functions. The one or more functions may comprise: scrambling ofcoded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on a physical channel;modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulationsymbols; mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one orseveral transmission layers; precoding of the complex-valued modulationsymbols on a layer for transmission on the antenna ports; mapping ofcomplex-valued modulation symbols for an antenna port to resourceelements; generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for anantenna port; and/or the like. These functions are illustrated asexamples and it is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implementedin various embodiments.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a first symbol and a second symbol onan antenna port, to a wireless device. The wireless device may infer thechannel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) for conveying thesecond symbol on the antenna port, from the channel for conveying thefirst symbol on the antenna port. In an example, a first antenna portand a second antenna port may be quasi co-located if one or morelarge-scale properties of the channel over which a first symbol on thefirst antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from the channel overwhich a second symbol on a second antenna port is conveyed. The one ormore large-scale properties may comprise at least one of: delay spread;doppler spread; doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and/orspatial Receiving (Rx) parameters.

An example modulation and up-conversion to the carrier frequency of thecomplex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port is shown in FIG.4D. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

FIG. 5A is a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and exampleuplink physical signals. FIG. 5B is a diagram of an example downlinkchannel mapping and a downlink physical signals. In an example, aphysical layer may provide one or more information transfer services toa MAC and/or one or more higher layers. For example, the physical layermay provide the one or more information transfer services to the MAC viaone or more transport channels. An information transfer service mayindicate how and with what characteristics data are transferred over theradio interface.

In an example embodiment, a radio network may comprise one or moredownlink and/or uplink transport channels. For example, a diagram inFIG. 5A shows example uplink transport channels comprising Uplink-SharedCHannel (UL-SCH) 501 and Random Access CHannel (RACH) 502. A diagram inFIG. 5B shows example downlink transport channels comprisingDownlink-Shared CHannel (DL-SCH) 511, Paging CHannel (PCH) 512, andBroadcast CHannel (BCH) 513. A transport channel may be mapped to one ormore corresponding physical channels. For example, UL-SCH 501 may bemapped to Physical Uplink Shared CHannel (PUSCH) 503. RACH 502 may bemapped to PRACH 505. DL-SCH 511 and PCH 512 may be mapped to PhysicalDownlink Shared CHannel (PDSCH) 514. BCH 513 may be mapped to PhysicalBroadcast CHannel (PBCH) 516.

There may be one or more physical channels without a correspondingtransport channel. The one or more physical channels may be employed forUplink Control Information (UCI) 509 and/or Downlink Control Information(DCI) 517. For example, Physical Uplink Control CHannel (PUCCH) 504 maycarry UCI 509 from a UE to a base station. For example, PhysicalDownlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) 515 may carry DCI 517 from a basestation to a UE. NR may support UCI 509 multiplexing in PUSCH 503 whenUCI 509 and PUSCH 503 transmissions may coincide in a slot at least inpart. The UCI 509 may comprise at least one of CSI, Acknowledgement(ACK)/Negative Acknowledgement (NACK), and/or scheduling request. TheDCI 517 on PDCCH 515 may indicate at least one of following: one or moredownlink assignments and/or one or more uplink scheduling grants

In uplink, a UE may transmit one or more Reference Signals (RSs) to abase station. For example, the one or more RSs may be at least one ofDemodulation-RS (DM-RS) 506, Phase Tracking-RS (PT-RS) 507, and/orSounding RS (SRS) 508. In downlink, a base station may transmit (e.g.,unicast, multicast, and/or broadcast) one or more RSs to a UE. Forexample, the one or more RSs may be at least one of PrimarySynchronization Signal (PSS)/Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) 521,CSI-RS 522, DM-RS 523, and/or PT-RS 524.

In an example, a UE may transmit one or more uplink DM-RSs 506 to a basestation for channel estimation, for example, for coherent demodulationof one or more uplink physical channels (e.g., PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH504). For example, a UE may transmit a base station at least one uplinkDM-RS 506 with PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH 504, wherein the at least oneuplink DM-RS 506 may be spanning a same frequency range as acorresponding physical channel. In an example, a base station mayconfigure a UE with one or more uplink DM-RS configurations. At leastone DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Afront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more additional uplink DM-RS may beconfigured to transmit at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and/or PUCCH. Abase station may semi-statistically configure a UE with a maximum numberof front-loaded DM-RS symbols for PUSCH and/or PUCCH. For example, a UEmay schedule a single-symbol DM-RS and/or double symbol DM-RS based on amaximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols, wherein a base station mayconfigure the UE with one or more additional uplink DM-RS for PUSCHand/or PUCCH. A new radio network may support, e.g., at least forCP-OFDM, a common DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein a DM-RSlocation, DM-RS pattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be same ordifferent.

In an example, whether uplink PT-RS 507 is present or not may depend ona RRC configuration. For example, a presence of uplink PT-RS may beUE-specifically configured. For example, a presence and/or a pattern ofuplink PT-RS 507 in a scheduled resource may be UE-specificallyconfigured by a combination of RRC signaling and/or association with oneor more parameters employed for other purposes (e.g., Modulation andCoding Scheme (MCS)) which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, adynamic presence of uplink PT-RS 507 may be associated with one or moreDCI parameters comprising at least MCS. A radio network may supportplurality of uplink PT-RS densities defined in time/frequency domain.When present, a frequency domain density may be associated with at leastone configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. A UE may assume a sameprecoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports maybe fewer than a number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. Forexample, uplink PT-RS 507 may be confined in the scheduledtime/frequency duration for a UE.

In an example, a UE may transmit SRS 508 to a base station for channelstate estimation to support uplink channel dependent scheduling and/orlink adaptation. For example, SRS 508 transmitted by a UE may allow fora base station to estimate an uplink channel state at one or moredifferent frequencies. A base station scheduler may employ an uplinkchannel state to assign one or more resource blocks of good quality foran uplink PUSCH transmission from a UE. A base station maysemi-statistically configure a UE with one or more SRS resource sets.For an SRS resource set, a base station may configure a UE with one ormore SRS resources. An SRS resource set applicability may be configuredby a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when a higherlayer parameter indicates beam management, a SRS resource in each of oneor more SRS resource sets may be transmitted at a time instant. A UE maytransmit one or more SRS resources in different SRS resource setssimultaneously. A new radio network may support aperiodic, periodicand/or semi-persistent SRS transmissions. A UE may transmit SRSresources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or moretrigger types may comprise higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and/or oneor more DCI formats (e.g., at least one DCI format may be employed for aUE to select at least one of one or more configured SRS resource sets.An SRS trigger type 0 may refer to an SRS triggered based on a higherlayer signaling. An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRS triggeredbased on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH 503 and SRS508 are transmitted in a same slot, a UE may be configured to transmitSRS 508 after a transmission of PUSCH 503 and corresponding uplink DM-RS506.

In an example, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE withone or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one offollowing: a SRS resource configuration identifier, a number of SRSports, time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration (e.g., anindication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS), slot(mini-slot, and/or subframe) level periodicity and/or offset for aperiodic and/or aperiodic SRS resource, a number of OFDM symbols in aSRS resource, starting OFDM symbol of a SRS resource, a SRS bandwidth, afrequency hopping bandwidth, a cyclic shift, and/or a SRS sequence ID.

In an example, in a time domain, an SS/PBCH block may comprise one ormore OFDM symbols (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols numbered in increasing orderfrom 0 to 3) within the SS/PBCH block. An SS/PBCH block may comprisePSS/SSS 521 and PBCH 516. In an example, in the frequency domain, anSS/PBCH block may comprise one or more contiguous subcarriers (e.g., 240contiguous subcarriers with the subcarriers numbered in increasing orderfrom 0 to 239) within the SS/PBCH block. For example, a PSS/SSS 521 mayoccupy 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. For example, PBCH 516 may spanacross 3 OFDM symbols and 240 subcarriers. A UE may assume that one ormore SS/PBCH blocks transmitted with a same block index may be quasico-located, e.g., with respect to Doppler spread, Doppler shift, averagegain, average delay, and spatial Rx parameters. A UE may not assumequasi co-location for other SS/PBCH block transmissions. A periodicityof an SS/PBCH block may be configured by a radio network (e.g., by anRRC signaling) and one or more time locations where the SS/PBCH blockmay be sent may be determined by sub-carrier spacing. In an example, aUE may assume a band-specific sub-carrier spacing for an SS/PBCH blockunless a radio network has configured a UE to assume a differentsub-carrier spacing.

In an example, downlink CSI-RS 522 may be employed for a UE to acquirechannel state information. A radio network may support periodic,aperiodic, and/or semi-persistent transmission of downlink CSI-RS 522.For example, a base station may semi-statistically configure and/orreconfigure a UE with periodic transmission of downlink CSI-RS 522. Aconfigured CSI-RS resources may be activated ad/or deactivated. Forsemi-persistent transmission, an activation and/or deactivation ofCSI-RS resource may be triggered dynamically. In an example, CSI-RSconfiguration may comprise one or more parameters indicating at least anumber of antenna ports. For example, a base station may configure a UEwith 32 ports. A base station may semi-statistically configure a UE withone or more CSI-RS resource sets. One or more CSI-RS resources may beallocated from one or more CSI-RS resource sets to one or more UEs. Forexample, a base station may semi-statistically configure one or moreparameters indicating CSI RS resource mapping, for example, time-domainlocation of one or more CSI-RS resources, a bandwidth of a CSI-RSresource, and/or a periodicity. In an example, a UE may be configured toemploy a same OFDM symbols for downlink CSI-RS 522 and control resourceset (coreset) when the downlink CSI-RS 522 and coreset are spatiallyquasi co-located and resource elements associated with the downlinkCSI-RS 522 are the outside of PRBs configured for coreset. In anexample, a UE may be configured to employ a same OFDM symbols fordownlink CSI-RS 522 and SS/PBCH blocks when the downlink CSI-RS 522 andSS/PBCH blocks are spatially quasi co-located and resource elementsassociated with the downlink CSI-RS 522 are the outside of PRBsconfigured for SS/PBCH blocks.

In an example, a UE may transmit one or more downlink DM-RSs 523 to abase station for channel estimation, for example, for coherentdemodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH514). For example, a radio network may support one or more variableand/or configurable DM-RS patterns for data demodulation. At least onedownlink DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Afront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi-statisticallyconfigure a UE with a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols forPDSCH 514. For example, a DM-RS configuration may support one or moreDM-RS ports. For example, for single user-MIMO, a DM-RS configurationmay support at least 8 orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports. For example, formultiuser-MIMO, a DM-RS configuration may support 12 orthogonal downlinkDM-RS ports. A radio network may support, e.g., at least for CP-OFDM, acommon DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein a DM-RS location, DM-RSpattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be same or different.

In an example, whether downlink PT-RS 524 is present or not may dependon a RRC configuration. For example, a presence of downlink PT-RS 524may be UE-specifically configured. For example, a presence and/or apattern of downlink PT-RS 524 in a scheduled resource may beUE-specifically configured by a combination of RRC signaling and/orassociation with one or more parameters employed for other purposes(e.g., MCS) which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, a dynamicpresence of downlink PT-RS 524 may be associated with one or more DCIparameters comprising at least MCS. A radio network may supportplurality of PT-RS densities defined in time/frequency domain. Whenpresent, a frequency domain density may be associated with at least oneconfiguration of a scheduled bandwidth. A UE may assume a same precodingfor a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewerthan a number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. For example,downlink PT-RS 524 may be confined in the scheduled time/frequencyduration for a UE.

FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting an example transmission time and receptiontime for a carrier as per an aspect of an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. A multicarrier OFDM communication system may include one ormore carriers, for example, ranging from 1 to 32 carriers, in case ofcarrier aggregation, or ranging from 1 to 64 carriers, in case of dualconnectivity. Different radio frame structures may be supported (e.g.,for FDD and for TDD duplex mechanisms). FIG. 6 shows an example frametiming. Downlink and uplink transmissions may be organized into radioframes 601. In this example, radio frame duration is 10 ms. In thisexample, a 10 ms radio frame 601 may be divided into ten equally sizedsubframes 602 with 1 ms duration. Subframe(s) may comprise one or moreslots (e.g. slots 603 and 605) depending on subcarrier spacing and/or CPlength. For example, a subframe with 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz,240 kHz and 480 kHz subcarrier spacing may comprise one, two, four,eight, sixteen and thirty-two slots, respectively. In FIG. 6 , asubframe may be divided into two equally sized slots 603 with 0.5 msduration. For example, 10 subframes may be available for downlinktransmission and 10 subframes may be available for uplink transmissionsin a 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink transmissions may be separatedin the frequency domain. Slot(s) may include a plurality of OFDM symbols604. The number of OFDM symbols 604 in a slot 605 may depend on thecyclic prefix length. For example, a slot may be 14 OFDM symbols for thesame subcarrier spacing of up to 480 kHz with normal CP. A slot may be12 OFDM symbols for the same subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz with extendedCP. A slot may contain downlink, uplink, or a downlink part and anuplink part and/or alike.

FIG. 7A is a diagram depicting example sets of OFDM subcarriers as peran aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example, agNB may communicate with a wireless device with a carrier with anexample channel bandwidth 700. Arrow(s) in the diagram may depict asubcarrier in a multicarrier OFDM system. The OFDM system may usetechnology such as OFDM technology, SC-FDMA technology, and/or the like.In an example, an arrow 701 shows a subcarrier transmitting informationsymbols. In an example, a subcarrier spacing 702, between two contiguoussubcarriers in a carrier, may be any one of 15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120KHz, 240 KHz etc. In an example, different subcarrier spacing maycorrespond to different transmission numerologies. In an example, atransmission numerology may comprise at least: a numerology index; avalue of subcarrier spacing; a type of cyclic prefix (CP). In anexample, a gNB may transmit to/receive from a UE on a number ofsubcarriers 703 in a carrier. In an example, a bandwidth occupied by anumber of subcarriers 703 (transmission bandwidth) may be smaller thanthe channel bandwidth 700 of a carrier, due to guard band 704 and 705.In an example, a guard band 704 and 705 may be used to reduceinterference to and from one or more neighbor carriers. A number ofsubcarriers (transmission bandwidth) in a carrier may depend on thechannel bandwidth of the carrier and the subcarrier spacing. Forexample, a transmission bandwidth, for a carrier with 20 MHz channelbandwidth and 15 KHz subcarrier spacing, may be in number of 1024subcarriers.

In an example, a gNB and a wireless device may communicate with multipleCCs when configured with CA. In an example, different component carriersmay have different bandwidth and/or subcarrier spacing, if CA issupported. In an example, a gNB may transmit a first type of service toa UE on a first component carrier. The gNB may transmit a second type ofservice to the UE on a second component carrier. Different type ofservices may have different service requirement (e.g., data rate,latency, reliability), which may be suitable for transmission viadifferent component carrier having different subcarrier spacing and/orbandwidth. FIG. 7B shows an example embodiment. A first componentcarrier may comprise a first number of subcarriers 706 with a firstsubcarrier spacing 709. A second component carrier may comprise a secondnumber of subcarriers 707 with a second subcarrier spacing 710. A thirdcomponent carrier may comprise a third number of subcarriers 708 with athird subcarrier spacing 711. Carriers in a multicarrier OFDMcommunication system may be contiguous carriers, non-contiguouscarriers, or a combination of both contiguous and non-contiguouscarriers.

FIG. 8 is a diagram depicting OFDM radio resources as per an aspect ofan embodiment of the present disclosure. In an example, a carrier mayhave a transmission bandwidth 801. In an example, a resource grid may bein a structure of frequency domain 802 and time domain 803. In anexample, a resource grid may comprise a first number of OFDM symbols ina subframe and a second number of resource blocks, starting from acommon resource block indicated by higher-layer signaling (e.g. RRCsignaling), for a transmission numerology and a carrier. In an example,in a resource grid, a resource unit identified by a subcarrier index anda symbol index may be a resource element 805. In an example, a subframemay comprise a first number of OFDM symbols 807 depending on anumerology associated with a carrier. For example, when a subcarrierspacing of a numerology of a carrier is 15 KHz, a subframe may have 14OFDM symbols for a carrier. When a subcarrier spacing of a numerology is30 KHz, a subframe may have 28 OFDM symbols. When a subcarrier spacingof a numerology is 60 Khz, a subframe may have 56 OFDM symbols, etc. Inan example, a second number of resource blocks comprised in a resourcegrid of a carrier may depend on a bandwidth and a numerology of thecarrier.

As shown in FIG. 8 , a resource block 806 may comprise 12 subcarriers.In an example, multiple resource blocks may be grouped into a ResourceBlock Group (RBG) 804. In an example, a size of a RBG may depend on atleast one of: a RRC message indicating a RBG size configuration; a sizeof a carrier bandwidth; or a size of a bandwidth part of a carrier. Inan example, a carrier may comprise multiple bandwidth parts. A firstbandwidth part of a carrier may have different frequency location and/orbandwidth from a second bandwidth part of the carrier.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control informationcomprising a downlink or uplink resource block assignment to a wirelessdevice. A base station may transmit to or receive from, a wirelessdevice, data packets (e.g. transport blocks) scheduled and transmittedvia one or more resource blocks and one or more slots according toparameters in a downlink control information and/or RRC message(s). Inan example, a starting symbol relative to a first slot of the one ormore slots may be indicated to the wireless device. In an example, a gNBmay transmit to or receive from, a wireless device, data packetsscheduled on one or more RBGs and one or more slots.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control informationcomprising a downlink assignment to a wireless device via one or morePDCCHs. The downlink assignment may comprise parameters indicating atleast modulation and coding format; resource allocation; and/or HARQinformation related to DL-SCH. In an example, a resource allocation maycomprise parameters of resource block allocation; and/or slotallocation. In an example, a gNB may dynamically allocate resources to awireless device via a Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI)on one or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor the one or morePDCCHs in order to find possible allocation when its downlink receptionis enabled. The wireless device may receive one or more downlink datapackage on one or more PDSCH scheduled by the one or more PDCCHs, whensuccessfully detecting the one or more PDCCHs.

In an example, a gNB may allocate Configured Scheduling (CS) resourcesfor down link transmission to a wireless device. The gNB may transmitone or more RRC messages indicating a periodicity of the CS grant. ThegNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH addressed to a ConfiguredScheduling-RNTI (CS-RNTI) activating the CS resources. The DCI maycomprise parameters indicating that the downlink grant is a CS grant.The CS grant may be implicitly reused according to the periodicitydefined by the one or more RRC messages, until deactivated.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control informationcomprising an uplink grant to a wireless device via one or more PDCCHs.The uplink grant may comprise parameters indicating at least modulationand coding format; resource allocation; and/or HARQ information relatedto UL-SCH. In an example, a resource allocation may comprise parametersof resource block allocation; and/or slot allocation. In an example, agNB may dynamically allocate resources to a wireless device via a C-RNTIon one or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor the one or morePDCCHs in order to find possible resource allocation. The wirelessdevice may transmit one or more uplink data package via one or morePUSCH scheduled by the one or more PDCCHs, when successfully detectingthe one or more PDCCHs.

In an example, a gNB may allocate CS resources for uplink datatransmission to a wireless device. The gNB may transmit one or more RRCmessages indicating a periodicity of the CS grant. The gNB may transmita DCI via a PDCCH addressed to a CS-RNTI activating the CS resources.The DCI may comprise parameters indicating that the uplink grant is a CSgrant. The CS grant may be implicitly reused according to theperiodicity defined by the one or more RRC message, until deactivated.

In an example, a base station may transmit DCI/control signaling viaPDCCH. The DCI may take a format in a plurality of formats. A DCI maycomprise downlink and/or uplink scheduling information (e.g., resourceallocation information, HARQ related parameters, MCS), request for CSI(e.g., aperiodic CQI reports), request for SRS, uplink power controlcommands for one or more cells, one or more timing information (e.g., TBtransmission/reception timing, HARQ feedback timing, etc.), etc. In anexample, a DCI may indicate an uplink grant comprising transmissionparameters for one or more transport blocks. In an example, a DCI mayindicate downlink assignment indicating parameters for receiving one ormore transport blocks. In an example, a DCI may be used by base stationto initiate a contention-free random access at the wireless device. Inan example, the base station may transmit a DCI comprising slot formatindicator (SFI) notifying a slot format. In an example, the base stationmay transmit a DCI comprising pre-emption indication notifying thePRB(s) and/or OFDM symbol(s) where a UE may assume no transmission isintended for the UE. In an example, the base station may transmit a DCIfor group power control of PUCCH or PUSCH or SRS. In an example, a DCImay correspond to an RNTI. In an example, the wireless device may obtainan RNTI in response to completing the initial access (e.g., C-RNTI). Inan example, the base station may configure an RNTI for the wireless(e.g., CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI,TPC-SRS-RNTI). In an example, the wireless device may compute an RNTI(e.g., the wireless device may compute RA-RNTI based on resources usedfor transmission of a preamble). In an example, an RNTI may have apre-configured value (e.g., P-RNTI or SI-RNTI). In an example, awireless device may monitor a group common search space which may beused by base station for transmitting DCIs that are intended for a groupof UEs. In an example, a group common DCI may correspond to an RNTIwhich is commonly configured for a group of UEs. In an example, awireless device may monitor a UE-specific search space. In an example, aUE specific DCI may correspond to an RNTI configured for the wirelessdevice.

A NR system may support a single beam operation and/or a multi-beamoperation. In a multi-beam operation, a base station may perform adownlink beam sweeping to provide coverage for common control channelsand/or downlink SS blocks, which may comprise at least a PSS, a SSS,and/or PBCH. A wireless device may measure quality of a beam pair linkusing one or more RSs. One or more SS blocks, or one or more CSI-RSresources, associated with a CSI-RS resource index (CRI), or one or moreDM-RSs of PBCH, may be used as RS for measuring quality of a beam pairlink. Quality of a beam pair link may be defined as a reference signalreceived power (RSRP) value, or a reference signal received quality(RSRQ) value, and/or a CSI value measured on RS resources. The basestation may indicate whether an RS resource, used for measuring a beampair link quality, is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with DM-RSs of a controlchannel. A RS resource and DM-RSs of a control channel may be calledQCLed when a channel characteristics from a transmission on an RS to awireless device, and that from a transmission on a control channel to awireless device, are similar or same under a configured criterion. In amulti-beam operation, a wireless device may perform an uplink beamsweeping to access a cell.

In an example, a wireless device may be configured to monitor PDCCH onone or more beam pair links simultaneously depending on a capability ofa wireless device. This may increase robustness against beam pair linkblocking. A base station may transmit one or more messages to configurea wireless device to monitor PDCCH on one or more beam pair links indifferent PDCCH OFDM symbols. For example, a base station may transmithigher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling) or MAC CE comprisingparameters related to the Rx beam setting of a wireless device formonitoring PDCCH on one or more beam pair links. A base station maytransmit indication of spatial QCL assumption between an DL RS antennaport(s) (for example, cell-specific CSI-RS, or wireless device-specificCSI-RS, or SS block, or PBCH with or without DM-RSs of PBCH), and DL RSantenna port(s) for demodulation of DL control channel Signaling forbeam indication for a PDCCH may be MAC CE signaling, or RRC signaling,or DCI signaling, or specification-transparent and/or implicit method,and combination of these signaling methods.

For reception of unicast DL data channel, a base station may indicatespatial QCL parameters between DL RS antenna port(s) and DM-RS antennaport(s) of DL data channel. The base station may transmit DCI (e.g.downlink grants) comprising information indicating the RS antennaport(s). The information may indicate RS antenna port(s) which may beQCLed with the DM-RS antenna port(s). Different set of DM-RS antennaport(s) for a DL data channel may be indicated as QCL with different setof the RS antenna port(s).

FIG. 9A is an example of beam sweeping in a DL channel. In anRRC_INACTIVE state or RRC_IDLE state, a wireless device may assume thatSS blocks form an SS burst 940, and an SS burst set 950. The SS burstset 950 may have a given periodicity. For example, in a multi-beamoperation, a base station 120 may transmit SS blocks in multiple beams,together forming a SS burst 940. One or more SS blocks may betransmitted on one beam. If multiple SS bursts 940 are transmitted withmultiple beams, SS bursts together may form SS burst set 950.

A wireless device may further use CSI-RS in the multi-beam operation forestimating a beam quality of a links between a wireless device and abase station. A beam may be associated with a CSI-RS. For example, awireless device may, based on a RSRP measurement on CSI-RS, report abeam index, as indicated in a CRI for downlink beam selection, andassociated with a RSRP value of a beam. A CSI-RS may be transmitted on aCSI-RS resource including at least one of one or more antenna ports, oneor more time or frequency radio resources. A CSI-RS resource may beconfigured in a cell-specific way by common RRC signaling, or in awireless device-specific way by dedicated RRC signaling, and/or L1/L2signaling. Multiple wireless devices covered by a cell may measure acell-specific CSI-RS resource. A dedicated subset of wireless devicescovered by a cell may measure a wireless device-specific CSI-RSresource.

A CSI-RS resource may be transmitted periodically, or using aperiodictransmission, or using a multi-shot or semi-persistent transmission. Forexample, in a periodic transmission in FIG. 9A, a base station 120 maytransmit configured CSI-RS resources 940 periodically using a configuredperiodicity in a time domain. In an aperiodic transmission, a configuredCSI-RS resource may be transmitted in a dedicated time slot. In amulti-shot or semi-persistent transmission, a configured CSI-RS resourcemay be transmitted within a configured period. Beams used for CSI-RStransmission may have different beam width than beams used for SS-blockstransmission.

FIG. 9B is an example of a beam management procedure in an example newradio network. A base station 120 and/or a wireless device 110 mayperform a downlink L1/L2 beam management procedure. One or more of thefollowing downlink L1/L2 beam management procedures may be performedwithin one or more wireless devices 110 and one or more base stations120. In an example, a P-1 procedure 910 may be used to enable thewireless device 110 to measure one or more Transmission (Tx) beamsassociated with the base station 120 to support a selection of a firstset of Tx beams associated with the base station 120 and a first set ofRx beam(s) associated with a wireless device 110. For beamforming at abase station 120, a base station 120 may sweep a set of different TXbeams. For beamforming at a wireless device 110, a wireless device 110may sweep a set of different Rx beams. In an example, a P-2 procedure920 may be used to enable a wireless device 110 to measure one or moreTx beams associated with a base station 120 to possibly change a firstset of Tx beams associated with a base station 120. A P-2 procedure 920may be performed on a possibly smaller set of beams for beam refinementthan in the P-1 procedure 910. A P-2 procedure 920 may be a special caseof a P-1 procedure 910. In an example, a P-3 procedure 930 may be usedto enable a wireless device 110 to measure at least one Tx beamassociated with a base station 120 to change a first set of Rx beamsassociated with a wireless device 110.

A wireless device 110 may transmit one or more beam management reportsto a base station 120. In one or more beam management reports, awireless device 110 may indicate some beam pair quality parameters,comprising at least, one or more beam identifications; RSRP; PrecodingMatrix Indicator (PMI)/Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)/Rank Indicator(RI) of a subset of configured beams. Based on one or more beammanagement reports, a base station 120 may transmit to a wireless device110 a signal indicating that one or more beam pair links are one or moreserving beams. A base station 120 may transmit PDCCH and PDSCH for awireless device 110 using one or more serving beams.

In an example embodiment, new radio network may support a BandwidthAdaptation (BA). In an example, receive and/or transmit bandwidthsconfigured by an UE employing a BA may not be large. For example, areceive and/or transmit bandwidths may not be as large as a bandwidth ofa cell. Receive and/or transmit bandwidths may be adjustable. Forexample, a UE may change receive and/or transmit bandwidths, e.g., toshrink during period of low activity to save power. For example, a UEmay change a location of receive and/or transmit bandwidths in afrequency domain, e.g. to increase scheduling flexibility. For example,a UE may change a subcarrier spacing, e.g. to allow different services.

In an example embodiment, a subset of a total cell bandwidth of a cellmay be referred to as a Bandwidth Part (BWP). A base station mayconfigure a UE with one or more BWPs to achieve a BA. For example, abase station may indicate, to a UE, which of the one or more(configured) BWPs is an active BWP.

FIG. 10 is an example diagram of 3 BWPs configured: BWP1 (1010 and 1050)with a width of 40 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP2 (1020 and1040) with a width of 10 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP3 1030with a width of 20 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz.

In an example, a UE, configured for operation in one or more BWPs of acell, may be configured by one or more higher layers (e.g. RRC layer)for a cell a set of one or more BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs) forreceptions by the UE (DL BWP set) in a DL bandwidth by at least oneparameter DL-BWP and a set of one or more BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs)for transmissions by a UE (UL BWP set) in an UL bandwidth by at leastone parameter UL-BWP for a cell.

To enable BA on the PCell, a base station may configure a UE with one ormore UL and DL BWP pairs. To enable BA on SCells (e.g., in case of CA),a base station may configure a UE at least with one or more DL BWPs(e.g., there may be none in an UL).

In an example, an initial active DL BWP may be defined by at least oneof a location and number of contiguous PRBs, a subcarrier spacing, or acyclic prefix, for a control resource set for at least one common searchspace. For operation on the PCell, one or more higher layer parametersmay indicate at least one initial UL BWP for a random access procedure.If a UE is configured with a secondary carrier on a primary cell, the UEmay be configured with an initial BWP for random access procedure on asecondary carrier.

In an example, for unpaired spectrum operation, a UE may expect that acenter frequency for a DL BWP may be same as a center frequency for a ULBWP.

For example, for a DL BWP or an UL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPsor one or more UL BWPs, respectively, a base station maysemi-statistically configure a UE for a cell with one or more parametersindicating at least one of following: a subcarrier spacing; a cyclicprefix; a number of contiguous PRBs; an index in the set of one or moreDL BWPs and/or one or more UL BWPs; a link between a DL BWP and an ULBWP from a set of configured DL BWPs and UL BWPs; a DCI detection to aPDSCH reception timing; a PDSCH reception to a HARQ-ACK transmissiontiming value; a DCI detection to a PUSCH transmission timing value; anoffset of a first PRB of a DL bandwidth or an UL bandwidth,respectively, relative to a first PRB of a bandwidth.

In an example, for a DL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPs on a PCell,a base station may configure a UE with one or more control resource setsfor at least one type of common search space and/or one UE-specificsearch space. For example, a base station may not configure a UE withouta common search space on a PCell, or on a PSCell, in an active DL BWP.

For an UL BWP in a set of one or more UL BWPs, a base station mayconfigure a UE with one or more resource sets for one or more PUCCHtransmissions.

In an example, if a DCI comprises a BWP indicator field, a BWP indicatorfield value may indicate an active DL BWP, from a configured DL BWP set,for one or more DL receptions. If a DCI comprises a BWP indicator field,a BWP indicator field value may indicate an active UL BWP, from aconfigured UL BWP set, for one or more UL transmissions.

In an example, for a PCell, a base station may semi-statisticallyconfigure a UE with a default DL BWP among configured DL BWPs. If a UEis not provided a default DL BWP, a default BWP may be an initial activeDL BWP.

In an example, a base station may configure a UE with a timer value fora PCell. For example, a UE may start a timer, referred to as BWPinactivity timer, when a UE detects a DCI indicating an active DL BWP,other than a default DL BWP, for a paired spectrum operation or when aUE detects a DCI indicating an active DL BWP or UL BWP, other than adefault DL BWP or UL BWP, for an unpaired spectrum operation. The UE mayincrement the timer by an interval of a first value (e.g., the firstvalue may be 1 millisecond or 0.5 milliseconds) if the UE does notdetect a DCI during the interval for a paired spectrum operation or foran unpaired spectrum operation. In an example, the timer may expire whenthe timer is equal to the timer value. A UE may switch to the default DLBWP from an active DL BWP when the timer expires.

In an example, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE withone or more BWPs. A UE may switch an active BWP from a first BWP to asecond BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating the second BWP asan active BWP and/or in response to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer(for example, the second BWP may be a default BWP). For example, FIG. 10is an example diagram of 3 BWPs configured, BWP1 (1010 and 1050), BWP2(1020 and 1040), and BWP3 (1030). BWP2 (1020 and 1040) may be a defaultBWP. BWP1 (1010) may be an initial active BWP. In an example, a UE mayswitch an active BWP from BWP1 1010 to BWP2 1020 in response to anexpiry of BWP inactivity timer. For example, a UE may switch an activeBWP from BWP2 1020 to BWP3 1030 in response to receiving a DCIindicating BWP3 1030 as an active BWP. Switching an active BWP from BWP31030 to BWP2 1040 and/or from BWP2 1040 to BWP1 1050 may be in responseto receiving a DCI indicating an active BWP and/or in response to anexpiry of BWP inactivity timer.

In an example, if a UE is configured for a secondary cell with a defaultDL BWP among configured DL BWPs and a timer value, UE procedures on asecondary cell may be same as on a primary cell using the timer valuefor the secondary cell and the default DL BWP for the secondary cell.

In an example, if a base station configures a UE with a first active DLBWP and a first active UL BWP on a secondary cell or carrier, a UE mayemploy an indicated DL BWP and an indicated UL BWP on a secondary cellas a respective first active DL BWP and first active UL BWP on asecondary cell or carrier.

FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show packet flows employing a multi connectivity(e.g. dual connectivity, multi connectivity, tight interworking, and/orthe like). FIG. 11A is an example diagram of a protocol structure of awireless device 110 (e.g. UE) with CA and/or multi connectivity as peran aspect of an embodiment. FIG. 11B is an example diagram of a protocolstructure of multiple base stations with CA and/or multi connectivity asper an aspect of an embodiment. The multiple base stations may comprisea master node, MN 1130 (e.g. a master node, a master base station, amaster gNB, a master eNB, and/or the like) and a secondary node, SN 1150(e.g. a secondary node, a secondary base station, a secondary gNB, asecondary eNB, and/or the like). A master node 1130 and a secondary node1150 may co-work to communicate with a wireless device 110.

When multi connectivity is configured for a wireless device 110, thewireless device 110, which may support multiple reception/transmissionfunctions in an RRC connected state, may be configured to utilize radioresources provided by multiple schedulers of a multiple base stations.Multiple base stations may be inter-connected via a non-ideal or idealbackhaul (e.g. Xn interface, X2 interface, and/or the like). A basestation involved in multi connectivity for a certain wireless device mayperform at least one of two different roles: a base station may eitheract as a master base station or as a secondary base station. In multiconnectivity, a wireless device may be connected to one master basestation and one or more secondary base stations. In an example, a masterbase station (e.g. the MN 1130) may provide a master cell group (MCG)comprising a primary cell and/or one or more secondary cells for awireless device (e.g. the wireless device 110). A secondary base station(e.g. the SN 1150) may provide a secondary cell group (SCG) comprising aprimary secondary cell (PSCell) and/or one or more secondary cells for awireless device (e.g. the wireless device 110).

In multi connectivity, a radio protocol architecture that a beareremploys may depend on how a bearer is setup. In an example, threedifferent type of bearer setup options may be supported: an MCG bearer,an SCG bearer, and/or a split bearer. A wireless device mayreceive/transmit packets of an MCG bearer via one or more cells of theMCG, and/or may receive/transmits packets of an SCG bearer via one ormore cells of an SCG. Multi-connectivity may also be described as havingat least one bearer configured to use radio resources provided by thesecondary base station. Multi-connectivity may or may not beconfigured/implemented in some of the example embodiments.

In an example, a wireless device (e.g. Wireless Device 110) may transmitand/or receive: packets of an MCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP1110), a PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1111), an RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC1114), and a MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1118); packets of a split bearer viaan SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1110), a PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1112), one ofa master or secondary RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1115, SN RLC 1116), and oneof a master or secondary MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1118, SN MAC 1119);and/or packets of an SCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1110), aPDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1113), an RLC layer (e.g. SN RLC 1117), and aMAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1119).

In an example, a master base station (e.g. MN 1130) and/or a secondarybase station (e.g. SN 1150) may transmit/receive: packets of an MCGbearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1121, NR PDCP1142), a master node RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1124, MN RLC 1125), and amaster node MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1128); packets of an SCG bearer via amaster or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP 1140), amaster or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1122, NR PDCP 1143), asecondary node RLC layer (e.g. SN RLC 1146, SN RLC 1147), and asecondary node MAC layer (e.g. SN MAC 1148); packets of a split bearervia a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP 1140), amaster or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1123, NR PDCP 1141), amaster or secondary node RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1126, SN RLC 1144, SNRLC 1145, MN RLC 1127), and a master or secondary node MAC layer (e.g.MN MAC 1128, SN MAC 1148).

In multi connectivity, a wireless device may configure multiple MACentities: one MAC entity (e.g. MN MAC 1118) for a master base station,and other MAC entities (e.g. SN MAC 1119) for a secondary base station.In multi-connectivity, a configured set of serving cells for a wirelessdevice may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising serving cells of amaster base station, and SCGs comprising serving cells of a secondarybase station. For an SCG, one or more of following configurations may beapplied: at least one cell of an SCG has a configured UL CC and at leastone cell of a SCG, named as primary secondary cell (PSCell, PCell ofSCG, or sometimes called PCell), is configured with PUCCH resources;when an SCG is configured, there may be at least one SCG bearer or oneSplit bearer; upon detection of a physical layer problem or a randomaccess problem on a PSCell, or a number of NR RLC retransmissions hasbeen reached associated with the SCG, or upon detection of an accessproblem on a PSCell during a SCG addition or a SCG change: an RRCconnection re-establishment procedure may not be triggered, ULtransmissions towards cells of an SCG may be stopped, a master basestation may be informed by a wireless device of a SCG failure type, forsplit bearer, a DL data transfer over a master base station may bemaintained; an NR RLC acknowledged mode (AM) bearer may be configuredfor a split bearer; PCell and/or PSCell may not be de-activated; PSCellmay be changed with a SCG change procedure (e.g. with security keychange and a RACH procedure); and/or a bearer type change between asplit bearer and a SCG bearer or simultaneous configuration of a SCG anda split bearer may or may not supported.

With respect to interaction between a master base station and asecondary base stations for multi-connectivity, one or more of thefollowing may be applied: a master base station and/or a secondary basestation may maintain Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurementconfigurations of a wireless device; a master base station may (e.g.based on received measurement reports, traffic conditions, and/or bearertypes) may decide to request a secondary base station to provideadditional resources (e.g. serving cells) for a wireless device; uponreceiving a request from a master base station, a secondary base stationmay create/modify a container that may result in configuration ofadditional serving cells for a wireless device (or decide that thesecondary base station has no resource available to do so); for a UEcapability coordination, a master base station may provide (a part of)an AS configuration and UE capabilities to a secondary base station; amaster base station and a secondary base station may exchangeinformation about a UE configuration by employing of RRC containers(inter-node messages) carried via Xn messages; a secondary base stationmay initiate a reconfiguration of the secondary base station existingserving cells (e.g. PUCCH towards the secondary base station); asecondary base station may decide which cell is a PSCell within a SCG; amaster base station may or may not change content of RRC configurationsprovided by a secondary base station; in case of a SCG addition and/or aSCG SCell addition, a master base station may provide recent (or thelatest) measurement results for SCG cell(s); a master base station andsecondary base stations may receive information of SFN and/or subframeoffset of each other from OAM and/or via an Xn interface, (e.g. for apurpose of DRX alignment and/or identification of a measurement gap). Inan example, when adding a new SCG SCell, dedicated RRC signaling may beused for sending required system information of a cell as for CA, exceptfor a SFN acquired from a MIB of a PSCell of a SCG.

FIG. 12 is an example diagram of a random access procedure. One or moreevents may trigger a random access procedure. For example, one or moreevents may be at least one of following: initial access from RRC_IDLE,RRC connection re-establishment procedure, handover, DL or UL dataarrival during RRC_CONNECTED when UL synchronization status isnon-synchronised, transition from RRC_Inactive, and/or request for othersystem information. For example, a PDCCH order, a MAC entity, and/or abeam failure indication may initiate a random access procedure.

In an example embodiment, a random access procedure may be at least oneof a contention based random access procedure and a contention freerandom access procedure. For example, a contention based random accessprocedure may comprise, one or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions, one ormore Msg2 1230 transmissions, one or more Msg3 1240 transmissions, andcontention resolution 1250. For example, a contention free random accessprocedure may comprise one or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions and one ormore Msg2 1230 transmissions.

In an example, a base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, orbroadcast), to a UE, a RACH configuration 1210 via one or more beams.The RACH configuration 1210 may comprise one or more parametersindicating at least one of following: available set of PRACH resourcesfor a transmission of a random access preamble, initial preamble power(e.g., random access preamble initial received target power), an RSRPthreshold for a selection of a SS block and corresponding PRACHresource, a power-ramping factor (e.g., random access preamble powerramping step), random access preamble index, a maximum number ofpreamble transmission, preamble group A and group B, a threshold (e.g.,message size) to determine the groups of random access preambles, a setof one or more random access preambles for system information requestand corresponding PRACH resource(s), if any, a set of one or more randomaccess preambles for beam failure recovery request and correspondingPRACH resource(s), if any, a time window to monitor RA response(s), atime window to monitor response(s) on beam failure recovery request,and/or a contention resolution timer.

In an example, the Msg1 1220 may be one or more transmissions of arandom access preamble. For a contention based random access procedure,a UE may select a SS block with a RSRP above the RSRP threshold. Ifrandom access preambles group B exists, a UE may select one or morerandom access preambles from a group A or a group B depending on apotential Msg3 1240 size. If a random access preambles group B does notexist, a UE may select the one or more random access preambles from agroup A. A UE may select a random access preamble index randomly (e.g.with equal probability or a normal distribution) from one or more randomaccess preambles associated with a selected group. If a base stationsemi-statistically configures a UE with an association between randomaccess preambles and SS blocks, the UE may select a random accesspreamble index randomly with equal probability from one or more randomaccess preambles associated with a selected SS block and a selectedgroup.

For example, a UE may initiate a contention free random access procedurebased on a beam failure indication from a lower layer. For example, abase station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or morecontention free PRACH resources for beam failure recovery requestassociated with at least one of SS blocks and/or CSI-RSs. If at leastone of SS blocks with a RSRP above a first RSRP threshold amongstassociated SS blocks or at least one of CSI-RSs with a RSRP above asecond RSRP threshold amongst associated CSI-RSs is available, a UE mayselect a random access preamble index corresponding to a selected SSblock or CSI-RS from a set of one or more random access preambles forbeam failure recovery request.

For example, a UE may receive, from a base station, a random accesspreamble index via PDCCH or RRC for a contention free random accessprocedure. If a base station does not configure a UE with at least onecontention free PRACH resource associated with SS blocks or CSI-RS, theUE may select a random access preamble index. If a base stationconfigures a UE with one or more contention free PRACH resourcesassociated with SS blocks and at least one SS block with a RSRP above afirst RSRP threshold amongst associated SS blocks is available, the UEmay select the at least one SS block and select a random access preamblecorresponding to the at least one SS block. If a base station configuresa UE with one or more contention free PRACH resources associated withCSI-RSs and at least one CSI-RS with a RSRP above a second RSPRthreshold amongst the associated CSI-RSs is available, the UE may selectthe at least one CSI-RS and select a random access preamblecorresponding to the at least one CSI-RS.

A UE may perform one or more Msg1 1220 transmissions by transmitting theselected random access preamble. For example, if a UE selects an SSblock and is configured with an association between one or more PRACHoccasions and one or more SS blocks, the UE may determine an PRACHoccasion from one or more PRACH occasions corresponding to a selected SSblock. For example, if a UE selects a CSI-RS and is configured with anassociation between one or more PRACH occasions and one or more CSI-RSs,the UE may determine a PRACH occasion from one or more PRACH occasionscorresponding to a selected CSI-RS. A UE may transmit, to a basestation, a selected random access preamble via a selected PRACHoccasions. A UE may determine a transmit power for a transmission of aselected random access preamble at least based on an initial preamblepower and a power-ramping factor. A UE may determine a RA-RNTIassociated with a selected PRACH occasions in which a selected randomaccess preamble is transmitted. For example, a UE may not determine aRA-RNTI for a beam failure recovery request. A UE may determine anRA-RNTI at least based on an index of a first OFDM symbol and an indexof a first slot of a selected PRACH occasions, and/or an uplink carrierindex for a transmission of Msg1 1220.

In an example, a UE may receive, from a base station, a random accessresponse, Msg 2 1230. A UE may start a time window (e.g.,ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor a random access response. For beam failurerecovery request, a base station may configure a UE with a differenttime window (e.g., bfr-ResponseWindow) to monitor response on beamfailure recovery request. For example, a UE may start a time window(e.g., ra-ResponseWindow or bfr-ResponseWindow) at a start of a firstPDCCH occasion after a fixed duration of one or more symbols from an endof a preamble transmission. If a UE transmits multiple preambles, the UEmay start a time window at a start of a first PDCCH occasion after afixed duration of one or more symbols from an end of a first preambletransmission. A UE may monitor a PDCCH of a cell for at least one randomaccess response identified by a RA-RNTI or for at least one response tobeam failure recovery request identified by a C-RNTI while a timer for atime window is running

In an example, a UE may consider a reception of random access responsesuccessful if at least one random access response comprises a randomaccess preamble identifier corresponding to a random access preambletransmitted by the UE. A UE may consider the contention free randomaccess procedure successfully completed if a reception of random accessresponse is successful. If a contention free random access procedure istriggered for a beam failure recovery request, a UE may consider acontention free random access procedure successfully complete if a PDCCHtransmission is addressed to a C-RNTI. In an example, if at least onerandom access response comprises a random access preamble identifier, aUE may consider the random access procedure successfully completed andmay indicate a reception of an acknowledgement for a system informationrequest to upper layers. If a UE has signaled multiple preambletransmissions, the UE may stop transmitting remaining preambles (if any)in response to a successful reception of a corresponding random accessresponse.

In an example, a UE may perform one or more Msg 3 1240 transmissions inresponse to a successful reception of random access response (e.g., fora contention based random access procedure). A UE may adjust an uplinktransmission timing based on a timing advanced command indicated by arandom access response and may transmit one or more transport blocksbased on an uplink grant indicated by a random access response.Subcarrier spacing for PUSCH transmission for Msg3 1240 may be providedby at least one higher layer (e.g. RRC) parameter. A UE may transmit arandom access preamble via PRACH and Msg3 1240 via PUSCH on a same cell.A base station may indicate an UL BWP for a PUSCH transmission of Msg31240 via system information block. A UE may employ HARQ for aretransmission of Msg 3 1240.

In an example, multiple UEs may perform Msg 1 1220 by transmitting asame preamble to a base station and receive, from the base station, asame random access response comprising an identity (e.g., TC-RNTI).Contention resolution 1250 may ensure that a UE does not incorrectly usean identity of another UE. For example, contention resolution 1250 maybe based on C-RNTI on PDCCH or a UE contention resolution identity onDL-SCH. For example, if a base station assigns a C-RNTI to a UE, the UEmay perform contention resolution 1250 based on a reception of a PDCCHtransmission that is addressed to the C-RNTI. In response to detectionof a C-RNTI on a PDCCH, a UE may consider contention resolution 1250successful and may consider a random access procedure successfullycompleted. If a UE has no valid C-RNTI, a contention resolution may beaddressed by employing a TC-RNTI. For example, if a MAC PDU issuccessfully decoded and a MAC PDU comprises a UE contention resolutionidentity MAC CE that matches the CCCH SDU transmitted in Msg3 1250, a UEmay consider the contention resolution 1250 successful and may considerthe random access procedure successfully completed.

FIG. 13 is an example structure for MAC entities as per an aspect of anembodiment. In an example, a wireless device may be configured tooperate in a multi-connectivity mode. A wireless device in RRC_CONNECTEDwith multiple RX/TX may be configured to utilize radio resourcesprovided by multiple schedulers located in a plurality of base stations.The plurality of base stations may be connected via a non-ideal or idealbackhaul over the Xn interface. In an example, a base station in aplurality of base stations may act as a master base station or as asecondary base station. A wireless device may be connected to one masterbase station and one or more secondary base stations. A wireless devicemay be configured with multiple MAC entities, e.g. one MAC entity formaster base station, and one or more other MAC entities for secondarybase station(s). In an example, a configured set of serving cells for awireless device may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising servingcells of a master base station, and one or more SCGs comprising servingcells of a secondary base station(s). FIG. 13 illustrates an examplestructure for MAC entities when MCG and SCG are configured for awireless device.

In an example, at least one cell in a SCG may have a configured UL CC,wherein a cell of at least one cell may be called PSCell or PCell ofSCG, or sometimes may be simply called PCell. A PSCell may be configuredwith PUCCH resources. In an example, when a SCG is configured, there maybe at least one SCG bearer or one split bearer. In an example, upondetection of a physical layer problem or a random access problem on aPSCell, or upon reaching a number of RLC retransmissions associated withthe SCG, or upon detection of an access problem on a PSCell during a SCGaddition or a SCG change: an RRC connection re-establishment proceduremay not be triggered, UL transmissions towards cells of an SCG may bestopped, a master base station may be informed by a UE of a SCG failuretype and DL data transfer over a master base station may be maintained.

In an example, a MAC sublayer may provide services such as data transferand radio resource allocation to upper layers (e.g. 1310 or 1320). A MACsublayer may comprise a plurality of MAC entities (e.g. 1350 and 1360).A MAC sublayer may provide data transfer services on logical channels.To accommodate different kinds of data transfer services, multiple typesof logical channels may be defined. A logical channel may supporttransfer of a particular type of information. A logical channel type maybe defined by what type of information (e.g., control or data) istransferred. For example, BCCH, PCCH, CCCH and DCCH may be controlchannels and DTCH may be a traffic channel. In an example, a first MACentity (e.g. 1310) may provide services on PCCH, BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, DTCHand MAC control elements. In an example, a second MAC entity (e.g. 1320)may provide services on BCCH, DCCH, DTCH and MAC control elements.

A MAC sublayer may expect from a physical layer (e.g. 1330 or 1340)services such as data transfer services, signaling of HARQ feedback,signaling of scheduling request or measurements (e.g. CQI). In anexample, in dual connectivity, two MAC entities may be configured for awireless device: one for MCG and one for SCG. A MAC entity of wirelessdevice may handle a plurality of transport channels. In an example, afirst MAC entity may handle first transport channels comprising a PCCHof MCG, a first BCH of MCG, one or more first DL-SCHs of MCG, one ormore first UL-SCHs of MCG and one or more first RACHs of MCG. In anexample, a second MAC entity may handle second transport channelscomprising a second BCH of SCG, one or more second DL-SCHs of SCG, oneor more second UL-SCHs of SCG and one or more second RACHs of SCG.

In an example, if a MAC entity is configured with one or more SCells,there may be multiple DL-SCHs and there may be multiple UL-SCHs as wellas multiple RACHs per MAC entity. In an example, there may be one DL-SCHand UL-SCH on a SpCell. In an example, there may be one DL-SCH, zero orone UL-SCH and zero or one RACH for an SCell. A DL-SCH may supportreceptions using different numerologies and/or TTI duration within a MACentity. A UL-SCH may also support transmissions using differentnumerologies and/or TTI duration within the MAC entity.

In an example, a MAC sublayer may support different functions and maycontrol these functions with a control (e.g. 1355 or 1365) element.Functions performed by a MAC entity may comprise mapping between logicalchannels and transport channels (e.g., in uplink or downlink),multiplexing (e.g. 1352 or 1362) of MAC SDUs from one or differentlogical channels onto transport blocks (TB) to be delivered to thephysical layer on transport channels (e.g., in uplink), demultiplexing(e.g. 1352 or 1362) of MAC SDUs to one or different logical channelsfrom transport blocks (TB) delivered from the physical layer ontransport channels (e.g., in downlink), scheduling information reporting(e.g., in uplink), error correction through HARQ in uplink or downlink(e.g. 1363), and logical channel prioritization in uplink (e.g. 1351 or1361). A MAC entity may handle a random access process (e.g. 1354 or1364).

FIG. 14 is an example diagram of a RAN architecture comprising one ormore base stations. In an example, a protocol stack (e.g. RRC, SDAP,PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY) may be supported at a node. A base station(e.g. gNB 120A or 120B) may comprise a base station central unit (CU)(e.g. gNB-CU 1420A or 1420B) and at least one base station distributedunit (DU) (e.g. gNB-DU 1430A, 1430B, 1430C, or 1430D) if a functionalsplit is configured. Upper protocol layers of a base station may belocated in a base station CU, and lower layers of the base station maybe located in the base station DUs. An Fl interface (e.g. CU-DUinterface) connecting a base station CU and base station DUs may be anideal or non-ideal backhaul. Fl-C may provide a control plane connectionover an Fl interface, and Fl-U may provide a user plane connection overthe Fl interface. In an example, an Xn interface may be configuredbetween base station CUs.

In an example, a base station CU may comprise an RRC function, an SDAPlayer, and a PDCP layer, and base station DUs may comprise an RLC layer,a MAC layer, and a PHY layer. In an example, various functional splitoptions between a base station CU and base station DUs may be possibleby locating different combinations of upper protocol layers (RANfunctions) in a base station CU and different combinations of lowerprotocol layers (RAN functions) in base station DUs. A functional splitmay support flexibility to move protocol layers between a base stationCU and base station DUs depending on service requirements and/or networkenvironments.

In an example, functional split options may be configured per basestation, per base station CU, per base station DU, per UE, per bearer,per slice, or with other granularities. In per base station CU split, abase station CU may have a fixed split option, and base station DUs maybe configured to match a split option of a base station CU. In per basestation DU split, a base station DU may be configured with a differentsplit option, and a base station CU may provide different split optionsfor different base station DUs. In per UE split, a base station (basestation CU and at least one base station DUs) may provide differentsplit options for different wireless devices. In per bearer split,different split options may be utilized for different bearers. In perslice splice, different split options may be applied for differentslices.

FIG. 15 is an example diagram showing RRC state transitions of awireless device. In an example, a wireless device may be in at least oneRRC state among an RRC connected state (e.g. RRC Connected 1530,RRC_Connected), an RRC idle state (e.g. RRC Idle 1510, RRC_Idle), and/oran RRC inactive state (e.g. RRC Inactive 1520, RRC_Inactive). In anexample, in an RRC connected state, a wireless device may have at leastone RRC connection with at least one base station (e.g. gNB and/or eNB),which may have a UE context of the wireless device. A UE context (e.g. awireless device context) may comprise at least one of an access stratumcontext, one or more radio link configuration parameters, bearer (e.g.data radio bearer (DRB), signaling radio bearer (SRB), logical channel,QoS flow, PDU session, and/or the like) configuration information,security information, PHY/MAC/RLC/PDCP/SDAP layer configurationinformation, and/or the like configuration information for a wirelessdevice. In an example, in an RRC idle state, a wireless device may nothave an RRC connection with a base station, and a UE context of awireless device may not be stored in a base station. In an example, inan RRC inactive state, a wireless device may not have an RRC connectionwith a base station. A UE context of a wireless device may be stored ina base station, which may be called as an anchor base station (e.g. lastserving base station).

In an example, a wireless device may transition a UE RRC state betweenan RRC idle state and an RRC connected state in both ways (e.g.connection release 1540 or connection establishment 1550; or connectionreestablishment) and/or between an RRC inactive state and an RRCconnected state in both ways (e.g. connection inactivation 1570 orconnection resume 1580). In an example, a wireless device may transitionits RRC state from an RRC inactive state to an RRC idle state (e.g.connection release 1560).

In an example, an anchor base station may be a base station that maykeep a UE context (a wireless device context) of a wireless device atleast during a time period that a wireless device stays in a RANnotification area (RNA) of an anchor base station, and/or that awireless device stays in an RRC inactive state. In an example, an anchorbase station may be a base station that a wireless device in an RRCinactive state was lastly connected to in a latest RRC connected stateor that a wireless device lastly performed an RNA update procedure in.In an example, an RNA may comprise one or more cells operated by one ormore base stations. In an example, a base station may belong to one ormore RNAs. In an example, a cell may belong to one or more RNAs.

In an example, a wireless device may transition a UE RRC state from anRRC connected state to an RRC inactive state in a base station. Awireless device may receive RNA information from the base station. RNAinformation may comprise at least one of an RNA identifier, one or morecell identifiers of one or more cells of an RNA, a base stationidentifier, an IP address of the base station, an AS context identifierof the wireless device, a resume identifier, and/or the like.

In an example, an anchor base station may broadcast a message (e.g. RANpaging message) to base stations of an RNA to reach to a wireless devicein an RRC inactive state, and/or the base stations receiving the messagefrom the anchor base station may broadcast and/or multicast anothermessage (e.g. paging message) to wireless devices in their coveragearea, cell coverage area, and/or beam coverage area associated with theRNA through an air interface.

In an example, when a wireless device in an RRC inactive state movesinto a new RNA, the wireless device may perform an RNA update (RNAU)procedure, which may comprise a random access procedure by the wirelessdevice and/or a UE context retrieve procedure. A UE context retrieve maycomprise: receiving, by a base station from a wireless device, a randomaccess preamble; and fetching, by a base station, a UE context of thewireless device from an old anchor base station. Fetching may comprise:sending a retrieve UE context request message comprising a resumeidentifier to the old anchor base station and receiving a retrieve UEcontext response message comprising the UE context of the wirelessdevice from the old anchor base station.

In an example embodiment, a wireless device in an RRC inactive state mayselect a cell to camp on based on at least a on measurement results forone or more cells, a cell where a wireless device may monitor an RNApaging message and/or a core network paging message from a base station.In an example, a wireless device in an RRC inactive state may select acell to perform a random access procedure to resume an RRC connectionand/or to transmit one or more packets to a base station (e.g. to anetwork). In an example, if a cell selected belongs to a different RNAfrom an RNA for a wireless device in an RRC inactive state, the wirelessdevice may initiate a random access procedure to perform an RNA updateprocedure. In an example, if a wireless device in an RRC inactive statehas one or more packets, in a buffer, to transmit to a network, thewireless device may initiate a random access procedure to transmit oneor more packets to a base station of a cell that the wireless deviceselects. A random access procedure may be performed with two messages(e.g. 2 stage random access) and/or four messages (e.g. 4 stage randomaccess) between the wireless device and the base station.

In an example embodiment, a base station receiving one or more uplinkpackets from a wireless device in an RRC inactive state may fetch a UEcontext of a wireless device by transmitting a retrieve UE contextrequest message for the wireless device to an anchor base station of thewireless device based on at least one of an AS context identifier, anRNA identifier, a base station identifier, a resume identifier, and/or acell identifier received from the wireless device. In response tofetching a UE context, a base station may transmit a path switch requestfor a wireless device to a core network entity (e.g. AMF, MME, and/orthe like). A core network entity may update a downlink tunnel endpointidentifier for one or more bearers established for the wireless devicebetween a user plane core network entity (e.g. UPF, S-GW, and/or thelike) and a RAN node (e.g. the base station), e.g. changing a downlinktunnel endpoint identifier from an address of the anchor base station toan address of the base station.

A gNB may transmit one or more MAC PDUs to a wireless device. In anexample, a MAC PDU may be a bit string that is byte aligned (e.g., amultiple of eight bits) in length. In an example, bit strings may berepresented by tables in which the most significant bit is the leftmostbit of the first line of the table, and the least significant bit is therightmost bit on the last line of the table. More generally, the bitstring may be read from left to right and then in the reading order ofthe lines. In an example, the bit order of a parameter field within aMAC PDU is represented with the first and most significant bit in theleftmost bit and the last and least significant bit in the rightmostbit.

In an example, a MAC SDU may be a bit string that is byte aligned (e.g.,a multiple of eight bits) in length. In an example, a MAC SDU may beincluded in a MAC PDU from the first bit onward.

In an example, a MAC CE may be a bit string that is byte aligned (e.g.,a multiple of eight bits) in length.

In an example, a MAC subheader may be a bit string that is byte aligned(e.g., a multiple of eight bits) in length. In an example, a MACsubheader may be placed immediately in front of a corresponding MAC SDU,MAC CE, or padding.

In an example, a MAC entity may ignore a value of reserved bits in a DLMAC PDU.

In an example, a MAC PDU may comprise one or more MAC subPDUs. A MACsubPDU of the one or more MAC subPDUs may comprise: a MAC subheader only(including padding); a MAC subhearder and a MAC SDU; a MAC subheader anda MAC CE; and/or a MAC subheader and padding. In an example, the MAC SDUmay be of variable size. In an example, a MAC subhearder may correspondto a MAC SDU, a MAC CE, or padding.

In an example, when a MAC subheader corresponds to a MAC SDU, avariable-sized MAC CE, or padding, the MAC subheader may comprise: an Rfield with a one bit length; an F field with a one bit length; an LCIDfield with a multi-bit length; and/or an L field with a multi-bitlength.

FIG. 16A shows an example of a MAC subheader with an R field, an Ffield, an LCID field, and an L field. In the example MAC subheader ofFIG. 16A, the LCID field may be six bits in length, and the L field maybe eight bits in length. FIG. 16B shows example of a MAC subheader withan R field, a F field, an LCID field, and an L field. In the example MACsubheader of FIG. 16B, the LCID field may be six bits in length, and theL field may be sixteen bits in length.

In an example, when a MAC subheader corresponds to a fixed sized MAC CEor padding, the MAC subheader may comprise: an R field with a two bitlength and an LCID field with a multi-bit length. FIG. 16C shows anexample of a MAC subheader with an R field and an LCID field. In theexample MAC subheader of FIG. 16C, the LCID field may be six bits inlength, and the R field may be two bits in length.

FIG. 17A shows an example of a DL MAC PDU. In the example of FIG. 17A,multiple MAC CEs, such as MAC CE 1 and 2, may be placed together. A MACsubPDU comprising a MAC CE may be placed before any MAC subPDUcomprising a MAC SDU or a MAC subPDU comprising padding.

FIG. 17B shows an example of a UL MAC PDU. In the example of FIG. 17B,multiple MAC CEs, such as MAC CE 1 and 2, may be placed together. A MACsubPDU comprising a MAC CE may be placed after all MAC subPDUscomprising a MAC SDU. In addition, the MAC subPDU may be placed before aMAC subPDU comprising padding.

In an example, a MAC entity of a gNB may transmit one or more MAC CEs toa MAC entity of a wireless device. FIG. 18 shows an example of multipleLCIDs that may be associated with the one or more MAC CEs. In theexample of FIG. 18 , the one or more MAC CEs comprise at least one of: aSP ZP CSI-RS Resource Set Activation/Deactivation MAC CE; a PUCCHspatial relation Activation/Deactivation MAC CE; a SP SRSActivation/Deactivation MAC CE; a SP CSI reporting on PUCCHActivation/Deactivation MAC CE; a TCI State Indication for UE-specificPDCCH MAC CE; a TCI State Indication for UE-specific PDSCH MAC CE; anAperiodic CSI Trigger State Subselection MAC CE; a SP CSI-RS/CSI-IMResource Set Activation/Deactivation MAC CE; a UE contention resolutionidentity MAC CE; a timing advance command MAC CE; a DRX command MAC CE;a Long DRX command MAC CE; an SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE (1Octet); an SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE (4 Octet); and/or aduplication activation/deactivation MAC CE. In an example, a MAC CE,such as a MAC CE transmitted by a MAC entity of a gNB to a MAC entity ofa wireless device, may have an LCID in the MAC subheader correspondingto the MAC CE. Different MAC CE may have different LCID in the MACsubheader corresponding to the MAC CE. For example, an LCID given by111011 in a MAC subheader may indicate that a MAC CE associated with theMAC subheader is a long DRX command MAC CE.

In an example, the MAC entity of the wireless device may transmit to theMAC entity of the gNB one or more MAC CEs. FIG. 19 shows an example ofthe one or more MAC CEs. The one or more MAC CEs may comprise at leastone of: a short buffer status report (BSR) MAC CE; a long BSR MAC CE; aC-RNTI MAC CE; a configured grant confirmation MAC CE; a single entryPHR MAC CE; a multiple entry PHR MAC CE; a short truncated BSR; and/or along truncated BSR. In an example, a MAC CE may have an LCID in the MACsubheader corresponding to the MAC CE. Different MAC CE may havedifferent LCID in the MAC subheader corresponding to the MAC CE. Forexample, an LCID given by 111011 in a MAC subheader may indicate that aMAC CE associated with the MAC subheader is a short-truncated commandMAC CE.

In carrier aggregation (CA), two or more component carriers (CCs) may beaggregated. A wireless device may simultaneously receive or transmit onone or more CCs, depending on capabilities of the wireless device, usingthe technique of CA. In an example, a wireless device may support CA forcontiguous CCs and/or for non-contiguous CCs. CCs may be organized intocells. For example, CCs may be organized into one primary cell (PCell)and one or more secondary cells (SCells).

When configured with CA, a wireless device may have one RRC connectionwith a network. During an RRC connectionestablishment/re-establishment/handover, a cell providing NAS mobilityinformation may be a serving cell. During an RRC connectionre-establishment/handover procedure, a cell providing a security inputmay be a serving cell. In an example, the serving cell may denote aPCell. In an example, a gNB may transmit, to a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters of a plurality of oneor more SCells, depending on capabilities of the wireless device.

When configured with CA, a base station and/or a wireless device mayemploy an activation/deactivation mechanism of an SCell to improvebattery or power consumption of the wireless device. When a wirelessdevice is configured with one or more SCells, a gNB may activate ordeactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. Upon configuration ofan SCell, the SCell may be deactivated unless an SCell state associatedwith the SCell is set to “activated” or “dormant”.

In an example, a wireless device may activate/deactivate an SCell inresponse to receiving an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE.

In an example, a gNB may transmit, to a wireless device, one or moremessages comprising an SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer). In anexample, a wireless device may deactivate an SCell in response to anexpiry of the SCell timer.

When a wireless device receives an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CEactivating an SCell, the wireless device may activate the SCell. Inresponse to the activating the SCell, the wireless device may performoperations comprising: SRS transmissions on the SCell; CQI/PMI/RI/CRIreporting for the SCell; PDCCH monitoring on the SCell; PDCCH monitoringfor the SCell; and/or PUCCH transmissions on the SCell.

In an example, in response to the activating the SCell, the wirelessdevice may start or restart a first SCell timer (e.g.,sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the SCell. The wireless devicemay start or restart the first SCell timer in the slot when the SCellActivation/Deactivation MAC CE activating the SCell has been received.In an example, in response to the activating the SCell, the wirelessdevice may (re-)initialize one or more suspended configured uplinkgrants of a configured grant Type 1 associated with the SCell accordingto a stored configuration. In an example, in response to the activatingthe SCell, the wireless device may trigger PHR.

When a wireless device receives an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CEdeactivating an activated SCell, the wireless device may deactivate theactivated SCell. In an example, when a first SCell timer (e.g.,sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with an activated SCell expires, thewireless device may deactivate the activated SCell. In response to thedeactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may stop the firstSCell timer associated with the activated SCell. In an example, inresponse to the deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless devicemay clear one or more configured downlink assignments and/or one or moreconfigured uplink grants of a configured uplink grant Type 2 associatedwith the activated SCell. In an example, in response to the deactivatingthe activated SCell, the wireless device may: suspend one or moreconfigured uplink grants of a configured uplink grant Type 1 associatedwith the activated SCell; and/or flush HARQ buffers associated with theactivated SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is deactivated, a wireless device may notperform operations comprising: transmitting SRS on the SCell; reportingCQI/PMI/RI/CRI for the SCell; transmitting on UL-SCH on the SCell;transmitting on RACH on the SCell; monitoring at least one first PDCCHon the SCell; monitoring at least one second PDCCH for the SCell; and/ortransmitting a PUCCH on the SCell.

In an example, when at least one first PDCCH on an activated SCellindicates an uplink grant or a downlink assignment, a wireless devicemay restart a first SCell timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer)associated with the activated SCell. In an example, when at least onesecond PDCCH on a serving cell (e.g. a PCell or an SCell configured withPUCCH, i.e. PUCCH SCell) scheduling the activated SCell indicates anuplink grant or a downlink assignment for the activated SCell, awireless device may restart the first SCell timer (e.g.,sCellDeactivationTimer) associated with the activated SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is deactivated, if there is an ongoingrandom access procedure on the SCell, a wireless device may abort theongoing random access procedure on the SCell.

FIG. 20A shows an example of an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE ofone octet. A first MAC PDU subheader with a first LCID (e.g., ‘111010’as shown in FIG. 18 ) may identify the SCell Activation/Deactivation MACCE of one octet. The SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE of one octetmay have a fixed size. The SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE of oneoctet may comprise a single octet. The single octet may comprise a firstnumber of C-fields (e.g. seven) and a second number of R-fields (e.g.,one).

FIG. 20B shows an example of an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE offour octets. A second MAC PDU subheader with a second LCID (e.g.,‘111001’ as shown in FIG. 18 ) may identify the SCellActivation/Deactivation MAC CE of four octets. The SCellActivation/Deactivation MAC CE of four octets may have a fixed size. TheSCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE of four octets may comprise fouroctets. The four octets may comprise a third number of C-fields (e.g.,31) and a fourth number of R-fields (e.g., 1).

In FIG. 20A and/or FIG. 20B, a Ci field may indicate anactivation/deactivation status of an SCell with an SCell index i if anSCell with SCell index i is configured. In an example, when the Ci fieldis set to one, an SCell with an SCell index i may be activated. In anexample, when the Ci field is set to zero, an SCell with an SCell indexi may be deactivated. In an example, if there is no SCell configuredwith SCell index i, the wireless device may ignore the Ci field. In FIG.20A and FIG. 20B, an R field may indicate a reserved bit. The R fieldmay be set to zero.

When configured with CA, a base station and/or a wireless device mayemploy a hibernation mechanism for an SCell to improve battery or powerconsumption of the wireless device and/or to improve latency of SCellactivation/addition. When the wireless device hibernates the SCell, theSCell may be transitioned into a dormant state. In response to the SCellbeing transitioned into a dormant state, the wireless device may: stoptransmitting SRS on the SCell; report CQI/PMI/RI/PTI/CRI for the SCellaccording to a periodicity configured for the SCell in a dormant state;not transmit on UL-SCH on the SCell; not transmit on RACH on the SCell;not monitor the PDCCH on the SCell; not monitor the PDCCH for the SCell;and/or not transmit PUCCH on the SCell. In an example, reporting CSI foran SCell and not monitoring the PDCCH on/for the SCell, when the SCellis in a dormant state, may provide the base station an always-updatedCSI for the SCell. With the always-updated CSI, the base station mayemploy a quick and/or accurate channel adaptive scheduling on the SCellonce the SCell is transitioned back into active state, thereby speedingup the activation procedure of the SCell. In an example, reporting CSIfor the SCell and not monitoring the PDCCH on/for the SCell, when theSCell is in dormant state, may improve battery or power consumption ofthe wireless device, while still providing the base station timelyand/or accurate channel information feedback. In an example, aPCell/PSCell and/or a PUCCH secondary cell may not be configured ortransitioned into dormant state.

When configured with one or more SCells, a gNB may activate, hibernate,or deactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. In an example, agNB may transmit one or more RRC messages comprising parametersindicating at least one SCell being set to an active state, a dormantstate, or an inactive state, to a wireless device.

In an example, when an SCell is in an active state, the wireless devicemay perform: SRS transmissions on the SCell; CQI/PMI/RI/CRI reportingfor the SCell; PDCCH monitoring on the SCell; PDCCH monitoring for theSCell; and/or PUCCH/SPUCCH transmissions on the SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is in an inactive state, the wirelessdevice may: not transmit SRS on the SCell; not report CQI/PMI/RI/CRI forthe SCell; not transmit on UL-SCH on the SCell; not transmit on RACH onthe SCell; not monitor PDCCH on the SCell; not monitor PDCCH for theSCell; and/or not transmit PUCCH/SPUCCH on the SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is in a dormant state, the wireless devicemay: not transmit SRS on the SCell; report CQI/PMI/RI/CRI for the SCell;not transmit on UL-SCH on the SCell; not transmit on RACH on the SCell;not monitor PDCCH on the SCell; not monitor PDCCH for the SCell; and/ornot transmit PUCCH/SPUCCH on the SCell.

When configured with one or more SCells, a gNB may activate, hibernate,or deactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. In an example, agNB may transmit one or more MAC control elements comprising parametersindicating activation, deactivation, or hibernation of at least oneSCell to a wireless device.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a first MAC CE (e.g.,activation/deactivation MAC CE, as shown in FIG. 20A or FIG. 20B)indicating activation or deactivation of at least one SCell to awireless device. In FIG. 20A and/or FIG. 20B, a Ci field may indicate anactivation/deactivation status of an SCell with an SCell index i if anSCell with SCell index i is configured. In an example, when the Ci fieldis set to one, an SCell with an SCell index i may be activated. In anexample, when the Ci field is set to zero, an SCell with an SCell indexi may be deactivated. In an example, if there is no SCell configuredwith SCell index i, the wireless device may ignore the Ci field. In FIG.20A and FIG. 20B, an R field may indicate a reserved bit. In an example,the R field may be set to zero.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a second MAC CE (e.g., hibernation MACCE) indicating activation or hibernation of at least one SCell to awireless device. In an example, the second MAC CE may be associated witha second LCID different from a first LCID of the first MAC CE (e.g.,activation/deactivation MAC CE). In an example, the second MAC CE mayhave a fixed size. In an example, the second MAC CE may consist of asingle octet containing seven C-fields and one R-field. FIG. 21A showsan example of the second MAC CE with a single octet. In another example,the second MAC CE may consist of four octets containing 31 C-fields andone R-field. FIG. 21B shows an example of the second MAC CE with fouroctets. In an example, the second MAC CE with four octets may beassociated with a third LCID different from the second LCID for thesecond MAC CE with a single octet, and/or the first LCID foractivation/deactivation MAC CE. In an example, when there is no SCellwith a serving cell index greater than 7, the second MAC CE of one octetmay be applied, otherwise the second MAC CE of four octets may beapplied.

In an example, when the second MAC CE is received, and the first MAC CEis not received, Ci may indicate a dormant/activated status of an SCellwith SCell index i if there is an SCell configured with SCell index i,otherwise the MAC entity may ignore the Ci field. In an example, when Ciis set to “1”, the wireless device may transition an SCell associatedwith SCell index i into a dormant state. In an example, when Ci is setto “0”, the wireless device may activate an SCell associated with SCellindex i. In an example, when Ci is set to “0” and the SCell with SCellindex i is in a dormant state, the wireless device may activate theSCell with SCell index i. In an example, when Ci is set to “0” and theSCell with SCell index i is not in a dormant state, the wireless devicemay ignore the Ci field.

In an example, when both the first MAC CE (activation/deactivation MACCE) and the second MAC CE (hibernation MAC CE) are received, two Cifields of the two MAC CEs may indicate possible state transitions of theSCell with SCell index i if there is an SCell configured with SCellindex i, otherwise the MAC entity may ignore the Ci fields. In anexample, the Ci fields of the two MAC CEs may be interpreted accordingto FIG. 21C. FIG. 22 shows an example of SCell state transitions basedon activation/deactivation MAC CE and/or hibernation MAC CE.

When configured with one or more SCells, a gNB may activate, hibernate,or deactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. In an example, aMAC entity of a gNB and/or a wireless device may maintain an SCelldeactivation timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer) per configured SCell(except the SCell configured with PUCCH/SPUCCH, if any) and deactivatethe associated SCell upon its expiry.

In an example, a MAC entity of a gNB and/or a wireless device maymaintain an SCell hibernation timer (e.g., sCellHibernationTimer) perconfigured SCell (except the SCell configured with PUCCH/SPUCCH, if any)and hibernate the associated SCell upon the SCell hibernation timerexpiry if the SCell is in active state. In an example, when both theSCell deactivation timer and the SCell hibernation timer are configured,the SCell hibernation timer may take priority over the SCelldeactivation timer. In an example, when both the SCell deactivationtimer and the SCell hibernation timer are configured, a gNB and/or awireless device may ignore the SCell deactivation timer regardless ofthe SCell deactivation timer expiry.

In an example, a MAC entity of a gNB and/or a wireless device maymaintain a dormant SCell deactivation timer (e.g.,dormantSCellDeactivationTimer) per configured SCell (except the SCellconfigured with PUCCH/SPUCCH, if any), and deactivate the associatedSCell upon the dormant SCell deactivation timer expiry if the SCell isin dormant state.

FIG. 23 shows an example of SCell state transitions based on a firstSCell timer (e.g., an SCell deactivation timer orsCellDeactivationTimer), a second SCell timer (e.g., an SCellhibernation timer or sCellHibernationTimer), and/or a third SCell timer(e.g., a dormant SCell deactivation timer ordormantSCellDeactivationTimer).

In an example, when a MAC entity of a wireless device is configured withan activated SCell upon SCell configuration, the MAC entity may activatethe SCell. In an example, when a MAC entity of a wireless devicereceives a MAC CE(s) activating an SCell, the MAC entity may activatethe SCell. In an example, the MAC entity may start or restart the SCelldeactivation timer associated with the SCell in response to activatingthe SCell. In an example, the MAC entity may start or restart the SCellhibernation timer (if configured) associated with the SCell in responseto activating the SCell. In an example, the MAC entity may trigger PHRprocedure in response to activating the SCell.

In an example, when a MAC entity of a wireless device receives a MACCE(s) indicating deactivating an SCell, the MAC entity may deactivatethe SCell. In an example, in response to receiving the MAC CE(s), theMAC entity may: deactivate the SCell; stop an SCell deactivation timerassociated with the SCell; and/or flush all HARQ buffers associated withthe SCell.

In an example, when an SCell deactivation timer associated with anactivated SCell expires and an SCell hibernation timer is notconfigured, the MAC entity may: deactivate the SCell; stop the SCelldeactivation timer associated with the SCell; and/or flush all HARQbuffers associated with the SCell.

In an example, when a first PDCCH on an activated SCell indicates anuplink grant or downlink assignment, or a second PDCCH on a serving cellscheduling an activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or a downlinkassignment for the activated SCell, or a MAC PDU is transmitted in aconfigured uplink grant or received in a configured downlink assignment,the MAC entity may: restart the SCell deactivation timer associated withthe SCell; and/or restart the SCell hibernation timer associated withthe SCell if configured. In an example, when an SCell is deactivated, anongoing random access procedure on the SCell may be aborted.

In an example, when a MAC entity is configured with an SCell associatedwith an SCell state set to dormant state upon the SCell configuration,or when the MAC entity receives MAC CE(s) indicating transitioning theSCell into a dormant state, the MAC entity may: transition the SCellinto a dormant state; transmit one or more CSI reports for the SCell;stop an SCell deactivation timer associated with the SCell; stop anSCell hibernation timer associated with the SCell if configured; startor restart a dormant SCell deactivation timer associated with the SCell;and/or flush all HARQ buffers associated with the SCell. In an example,when the SCell hibernation timer associated with the activated SCellexpires, the MAC entity may: hibernate the SCell; stop the SCelldeactivation timer associated with the SCell; stop the SCell hibernationtimer associated with the SCell; and/or flush all HARQ buffersassociated with the SCell. In an example, when a dormant SCelldeactivation timer associated with a dormant SCell expires, the MACentity may: deactivate the SCell; and/or stop the dormant SCelldeactivation timer associated with the SCell. In an example, when anSCell is in dormant state, ongoing random access procedure on the SCellmay be aborted.

FIG. 24 shows an example of a CSI-RS that may be mapped in time andfrequency domains. Each square shown in FIG. 24 may represent a resourceblock within a bandwidth of a cell. Each resource block may comprise anumber of subcarriers. A cell may have a bandwidth comprising a numberof resource blocks. A base station (e.g., a gNB in NR) may transmit oneor more Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages comprising CSI-RS resourceconfiguration parameters for one or more CSI-RS. One or more of thefollowing parameters may be configured by higher layer signaling foreach CSI-RS resource configuration: CSI-RS resource configurationidentity, number of CSI-RS ports, CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol andRE locations in a subframe), CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g.,subframe location, offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), CSI-RSpower parameter, CSI-RS sequence parameter, CDM type parameter,frequency density, transmission comb, QCL parameters (e.g.,QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn-subframeconfiglist,csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and/or other radio resourceparameters.

FIG. 24 shows three beams that may be configured for a wireless device,e.g., in a wireless device-specific configuration. Any number ofadditional beams (e.g., represented by the column of blank squares) orfewer beams may be included. Beam 1 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1 thatmay be transmitted in some subcarriers in a resource block (RB) of afirst symbol. Beam 2 may be allocated with CSI-RS 2 that may betransmitted in some subcarriers in a RB of a second symbol. Beam 3 maybe allocated with CSI-RS 3 that may be transmitted in some subcarriersin an RB of a third symbol. All subcarriers in a RB may not necessarilybe used for transmitting a particular CSI-RS (e.g., CSI-RS 1) on anassociated beam (e.g., beam 1) for that CSI-RS. By using frequencydivision multiplexing (FUM), other subcarriers, not used for beam 1 forthe wireless device in the same RB, may be used for other CSI-RStransmissions associated with a different beam for other wirelessdevices. Additionally or alternatively, by using time domainmultiplexing (TDM), beams used for a wireless device may be configuredsuch that different beams (e.g., beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3) for thewireless device may be transmitted using some symbols different frombeams of other wireless devices.

Beam management may use a device-specific configured CSI-RS. In a beammanagement procedure, a wireless device may monitor a channel quality ofa beam pair link comprising a transmitting beam by a base station (e.g.,a gNB in NR) and a receiving beam by the wireless device (e.g., a UE).When multiple CSI-RSs associated with multiple beams are configured, awireless device may monitor multiple beam pair links between the basestation and the wireless device.

A wireless device may transmit one or more beam management reports to abase station. A beam management report may indicate one or more beampair quality parameters, comprising, e.g., one or more beamidentifications, RSRP, PMI, CQI, and/or RI, of a subset of configuredbeams.

FIG. 25 shows examples of three beam management procedures, P1, P2, andP3. Procedure P1 may be used to enable a wireless device measurement ondifferent transmit (Tx) beams of a TRP (or multiple TRPs), e.g., tosupport a selection of Tx beams and/or wireless device receive (Rx)beam(s) (shown as ovals in the top row and bottom row, respectively, ofP1). Beamforming at a TRP (or multiple TRPs) may include, e.g., anintra-TRP and/or inter-TRP Tx beam sweep from a set of different beams(shown, in the top rows of P1 and P2, as ovals rotated in acounter-clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). Beamformingat a wireless device 1901, may include, e.g., a wireless device Rx beamsweep from a set of different beams (shown, in the bottom rows of P1 andP3, as ovals rotated in a clockwise direction indicated by the dashedarrow). Procedure P2 may be used to enable a wireless device measurementon different Tx beams of a TRP (or multiple TRPs) (shown, in the top rowof P2, as ovals rotated in a counter-clockwise direction indicated bythe dashed arrow), e.g., which may change inter-TRP and/or intra-TRP Txbeam(s). Procedure P2 may be performed, e.g., on a smaller set of beamsfor beam refinement than in procedure P1. P2 may be a particular exampleof P1. Procedure P3 may be used to enable a wireless device measurementon the same Tx beam (shown as oval in P3), e.g., to change a wirelessdevice Rx beam if the wireless device uses beamforming.

A wireless device (e.g., a UE) and/or a base station (e.g., a gNB) maytrigger a beam failure recovery mechanism. The wireless device maytrigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) request transmission, e.g., if abeam failure event occurs. A beam failure event may include, e.g., adetermination that a quality of beam pair link(s) of an associatedcontrol channel is unsatisfactory. A determination of an unsatisfactoryquality of beam pair link(s) of an associated channel may be based onthe quality falling below a threshold and/or an expiration of a timer.

The wireless device may measure a quality of beam pair link(s) using oneor more reference signals (RS). One or more SS blocks, one or moreCSI-RS resources, and/or one or more demodulation reference signals(DM-RSs) of a PBCH may be used as a RS for measuring a quality of a beampair link. Each of the one or more CSI-RS resources may be associatedwith a CSI-RS resource index (CRI). A quality of a beam pair link may bebased on one or more of an RSRP value, reference signal received quality(RSRQ) value, and/or CSI value measured on RS resources. The basestation may indicate that an RS resource, e.g., that may be used formeasuring a beam pair link quality, is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with oneor more DM-RSs of a control channel. The RS resource and the DM-RSs ofthe control channel may be QCLed when the channel characteristics from atransmission via an RS to the wireless device, and the channelcharacteristics from a transmission via a control channel to thewireless device, are similar or the same under a configured criterion.

A base station and/or a wireless device may perform a downlink L1/L2beam management procedure. One or more downlink L1/L2 beam managementprocedures may be performed within one or multiple TRPs, such as shownin FIG. 26A and FIG. 26B, respectively.

FIG. 26A shows an example of a beam failure event involving a singleTRP. A single TRP such as at a base station 2601 may transmit, to awireless device 2602, a first beam 2603 and a second beam 2604. A beamfailure event may occur if, e.g., a serving beam, such as the secondbeam 2604, is blocked by a moving vehicle 2605 or other obstruction(e.g., building, tree, land, or any object) and configured beams (e.g.,the first beam 2603 and/or the second beam 2604), including the servingbeam, are received from the single TRP. The wireless device 2602 maytrigger a mechanism to recover from beam failure when a beam failureoccurs.

FIG. 26B shows an example of a beam failure event involving multipleTRPs. Multiple TRPs, such as at a first base station 2606 and at asecond base station 2609, may transmit, to a wireless device 2608, afirst beam 2607 (e.g., from the first base station 2606) and a secondbeam 2610 (e.g., from the second base station 2609). A beam failureevent may occur when, e.g., a serving beam, such as the second beam2610, is blocked by a moving vehicle 2611 or other obstruction (e.g.,building, tree, land, or any object) and configured beams (e.g., thefirst beam 2607 and/or the second beam 2610) are received from multipleTRPs. The wireless device 2008 may trigger a mechanism to recover frombeam failure when a beam failure occurs.

A wireless device may monitor a PDCCH, such as a New Radio PDCCH(NR-PDCCH), on M beam pair links simultaneously, where M>1 and themaximum value of M may depend at least on the wireless devicecapability. Such monitoring may increase robustness against beam pairlink blocking. A base station may transmit, and the wireless device mayreceive, one or more messages configured to cause the wireless device tomonitor NR-PDCCH on different beam pair link(s) and/or in differentNR-PDCCH OFDM symbol.

A base station may transmit higher layer signaling, and/or a MAC controlelement (MAC CE), that may comprise parameters related to a wirelessdevice Rx beam setting for monitoring NR-PDCCH on multiple beam pairlinks. A base station may transmit one or more indications of a spatialQCL assumption between a first DL RS antenna port(s) and a second DL RSantenna port(s). The first DL RS antenna port(s) may be for one or moreof a cell-specific CSI-RS, device-specific CSI-RS, SS block, PBCH withDM-RSs of PBCH, and/or PBCH without DM-RSs of PBCH. The second DL RSantenna port(s) may be for demodulation of a DL control channelSignaling for a beam indication for a NR-PDCCH (e.g., configuration tomonitor NR-PDCCH) may be via MAC CE signaling, RRC signaling, DCIsignaling, or specification-transparent and/or an implicit method, andany combination thereof.

For reception of unicast DL data channel, a base station may indicatespatial QCL parameters between DL RS antenna port(s) and DM-RS antennaport(s) of DL data channel. A base station may transmit DCI (e.g.,downlink grants) comprising information indicating the RS antennaport(s). The information may indicate the RS antenna port(s) which maybe QCLed with DM-RS antenna port(s). A different set of DM-RS antennaport(s) for the DL data channel may be indicated as a QCL with adifferent set of RS antenna port(s).

If a base station transmits a signal indicating a spatial QCL parametersbetween CSI-RS and DM-RS for PDCCH, a wireless device may use CSI-RSsQCLed with DM-RS for a PDCCH to monitor beam pair link quality. If abeam failure event occurs, the wireless device may transmit a beamfailure recovery request, such as by a determined configuration.

If a wireless device transmits a beam failure recovery request, e.g.,via an uplink physical channel or signal, a base station may detect thatthere is a beam failure event, for the wireless device, by monitoringthe uplink physical channel or signal. The base station may initiate abeam recovery mechanism to recover the beam pair link for transmittingPDCCH between the base station and the wireless device. The base stationmay transmit one or more control signals, to the wireless device, e.g.,after or in response to receiving the beam failure recovery request. Abeam recovery mechanism may be, e.g., an L1 scheme, or a higher layerscheme.

A base station may transmit one or more messages comprising, e.g.,configuration parameters of an uplink physical channel and/or a signalfor transmitting a beam failure recovery request. The uplink physicalchannel and/or signal may be based on at least one of the following: anon-contention based PRACH (e.g., a beam failure recovery PRACH orBFR-PRACH), which may use a resource orthogonal to resources of otherPRACH transmissions; a PUCCH (e.g., beam failure recovery PUCCH orBFR-PUCCH); and/or a contention-based PRACH resource. Combinations ofthese candidate signal and/or channels may be configured by a basestation.

A gNB may respond a confirmation message to a UE after receiving one ormultiple BFR request. The confirmation message may include the CRIassociated with the candidate beam the UE indicates in the one ormultiple BFR request. The confirmation message may be a L1 controlinformation.

FIG. 27 shows DCI formats for an example of 20 MHz FDD operation with 2Tx antennas at the base station and no carrier aggregation in an LTEsystem. In a NR system, the DCI formats may comprise at least one of:DCI format 0_0/0_1 indicating scheduling of PUSCH in a cell; DCI format1_0/1_1 indicating scheduling of PDSCH in a cell; DCI format 2_0notifying a group of UEs of slot format; DCI format 2_1 notifying agroup of UEs of PRB(s) and OFDM symbol(s) where a UE may assume notransmission is intended for the UE; DCI format 2_2 indicatingtransmission of TPC commands for PUCCH and PUSCH; and/or DCI format 2_3indicating transmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissionby one or more UEs. In an example, a gNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCHfor scheduling decision and power-control commends. More specifically,the DCI may comprise at least one of: downlink scheduling assignments,uplink scheduling grants, power-control commands. The downlinkscheduling assignments may comprise at least one of: PDSCH resourceindication, transport format, HARQ information, and control informationrelated to multiple antenna schemes, a command for power control of thePUCCH used for transmission of ACK/NACK in response to downlinkscheduling assignments. The uplink scheduling grants may comprise atleast one of: PUSCH resource indication, transport format, and HARQrelated information, a power control command of the PUSCH.

In an example, the different types of control information correspond todifferent DCI message sizes. For example, supporting spatialmultiplexing with noncontiguous allocation of RBs in the frequencydomain may require a larger scheduling message in comparison with anuplink grant allowing for frequency-contiguous allocation only. The DCImay be categorized into different DCI formats, where a formatcorresponds to a certain message size and usage.

In an example, a UE may monitor one or more PDCCH candidates to detectone or more DCI with one or more DCI format. The one or more PDCCH maybe transmitted in common search space or UE-specific search space. A UEmay monitor PDCCH with only a limited set of DCI format, to save powerconsumption. For example, a normal UE may not be required to detect aDCI with DCI format 6 which is used for an eMTC UE. The more DCI formatto be detected, the more power be consumed at the UE.

In an example, the one or more PDCCH candidates that a UE monitors maybe defined in terms of PDCCH UE-specific search spaces. A PDCCHUE-specific search space at CCE aggregation level L∈{1, 2, 4, 8} may bedefined by a set of PDCCH candidates for CCE aggregation level L. In anexample, for a DCI format, a UE may be configured per serving cell byone or more higher layer parameters a number of PDCCH candidates per CCEaggregation level L.

In an example, in non-DRX mode operation, a UE may monitor one or morePDCCH candidate in control resource set q according to a periodicity ofP_(DCCHq) symbols that may be configured by one or more higher layerparameters for control resource set q.

In an example, if a UE is configured with higher layer parameter, e.g.,cif-InSchedulingCell, the carrier indicator field value may correspondto cif-InSchedulingCell.

In an example, for the serving cell on which a UE may monitor one ormore PDCCH candidate in a UE-specific search space, if the UE is notconfigured with a carrier indicator field, the UE may monitor the one ormore PDCCH candidates without carrier indicator field. In an example,for the serving cell on which a UE may monitor one or more PDCCHcandidates in a UE-specific search space, if a UE is configured with acarrier indicator field, the UE may monitor the one or more PDCCHcandidates with carrier indicator field.

In an example, a UE may not monitor one or more PDCCH candidates on asecondary cell if the UE is configured to monitor one or more PDCCHcandidates with carrier indicator field corresponding to that secondarycell in another serving cell. For example, for the serving cell on whichthe UE may monitor one or more PDCCH candidates, the UE may monitor theone or more PDCCH candidates at least for the same serving cell.

In an example, the information in the DCI formats used for downlinkscheduling may be organized into different groups, with the fieldpresent varying between the DCI formats, including at least one of:resource information, consisting of: carrier indicator (0 or 3 bits), RBallocation; HARQ process number; MCS, NDI, and RV (for the first TB);MCS, NDI and RV (for the second TB); MIMO related information; PDSCHresource-element mapping and QCI; Downlink assignment index (DAI); TPCfor PUCCH; SRS request (1 bit), triggering one-shot SRS transmission;ACK/NACK offset; DCI format 0/1A indication, used to differentiatebetween DCI format 1A and 0; and padding if necessary. The MIMO relatedinformation may comprise at least one of: PMI, precoding information,transport block swap flag, power offset between PDSCH and referencesignal, reference-signal scrambling sequence, number of layers, and/orantenna ports for the transmission.

In an example, the information in the DCI formats used for uplinkscheduling may be organized into different groups, with the fieldpresent varying between the DCI formats, including at least one of:resource information, consisting of: carrier indicator, resourceallocation type, RB allocation; MCS, NDI (for the first TB); MCS, NDI(for the second TB); phase rotation of the uplink DMRS; precodinginformation; CSI request, requesting an aperiodic CSI report; SRSrequest (2 bit), used to trigger aperiodic SRS transmission using one ofup to three preconfigured settings; uplink index/DAI; TPC for PUSCH; DCIformat 0/1A indication; and padding if necessary.

In an example, a gNB may perform CRC scrambling for a DCI, beforetransmitting the DCI via a PDCCH. The gNB may perform CRC scrambling bybit-wise addition (or Modulo-2 addition or exclusive OR (XOR) operation)of multiple bits of at least one wireless device identifier (e.g.,C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, SP CSIC-RNTI, SRS-TPC-RNTI, INT-RNTI, SFI-RNTI, P-RNTI, SI-RNTI, RA-RNTI,and/or MCS-C-RNTI) with the CRC bits of the DCI. The wireless device maycheck the CRC bits of the DCI, when detecting the DCI. The wirelessdevice may receive the DCI when the CRC is scrambled by a sequence ofbits that is the same as the at least one wireless device identifier.

In a NR system, in order to support wide bandwidth operation, a gNB maytransmit one or more PDCCH in different control resource sets. A gNB maytransmit one or more RRC message comprising configuration parameters ofone or more control resource sets. At least one of the one or morecontrol resource sets may comprise at least one of: a first OFDM symbol;a number of consecutive OFDM symbols; a set of resource blocks; aCCE-to-REG mapping; and a REG bundle size, in case of interleavedCCE-to-REG mapping.

A base station (gNB) may configure a wireless device (UE) with uplink(UL) bandwidth parts (BWPs) and downlink (DL) BWPs to enable bandwidthadaptation (BA) on a PCell. If carrier aggregation is configured, thegNB may further configure the UE with at least DL BWP(s) (i.e., theremay be no UL BWPs in the UL) to enable BA on an SCell. For the PCell, aninitial active BWP may be a first BWP used for initial access. For theSCell, a first active BWP may be a second BWP configured for the UE tooperate on the SCell upon the SCell being activated.

In paired spectrum (e.g. FDD), a gNB and/or a UE may independentlyswitch a DL BWP and an UL BWP. In unpaired spectrum (e.g. TDD), a gNBand/or a UE may simultaneously switch a DL BWP and an UL BWP.

In an example, a gNB and/or a UE may switch a BWP between configuredBWPs by means of a DCI or a BWP inactivity timer. When the BWPinactivity timer is configured for a serving cell, the gNB and/or the UEmay switch an active BWP to a default BWP in response to an expiry ofthe BWP inactivity timer associated with the serving cell. The defaultBWP may be configured by the network.

In an example, for FDD systems, when configured with BA, one UL BWP foreach uplink carrier and one DL BWP may be active at a time in an activeserving cell. In an example, for TDD systems, one DL/UL BWP pair may beactive at a time in an active serving cell. Operating on the one UL BWPand the one DL BWP (or the one DL/UL pair) may improve UE batteryconsumption. BWPs other than the one active UL BWP and the one active DLBWP that the UE may work on may be deactivated. On deactivated BWPs, theUE may: not monitor PDCCH; and/or not transmit on PUCCH, PRACH, andUL-SCH.

In an example, a serving cell may be configured with at most a firstnumber (e.g., four) of BWPs. In an example, for an activated servingcell, there may be one active BWP at any point in time.

In an example, a BWP switching for a serving cell may be used toactivate an inactive BWP and deactivate an active BWP at a time. In anexample, the BWP switching may be controlled by a PDCCH indicating adownlink assignment or an uplink grant. In an example, the BWP switchingmay be controlled by a BWP inactivity timer (e.g., bwp-InactivityTimer).In an example, the BWP switching may be controlled by a MAC entity inresponse to initiating a Random Access procedure. Upon addition of anSpCell or activation of an SCell, one BWP may be initially activewithout receiving a PDCCH indicating a downlink assignment or an uplinkgrant. The active BWP for a serving cell may be indicated by RRC and/orPDCCH. In an example, for unpaired spectrum, a DL BWP may be paired witha UL BWP, and BWP switching may be common for both UL and DL.

FIG. 28 shows an example of BWP switching on an SCell. In an example, aUE may receive RRC message comprising parameters of a SCell and one ormore BWP configuration associated with the SCell. The RRC message maycomprise: RRC connection reconfiguration message (e.g.,RRCReconfiguration); RRC connection reestablishment message (e.g.,RRCRestablishment); and/or RRC connection setup message (e.g.,RRCSetup). Among the one or more BWPs, at least one BWP may beconfigured as the first active BWP (e.g., BWP 1 in FIG. 28 ), one BWP asthe default BWP (e.g., BWP 0 in FIG. 28 ). The UE may receive a MAC CEto activate the SCell at nth slot. The UE may start a scell deactivationtimer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer), and start CSI related actions forthe SCell, and/or start CSI related actions for the first active BWP ofthe SCell. The UE may start monitoring a PDCCH on BWP 1 in response toactivating the SCell.

In an example, the UE may start restart a BWP inactivity timer (e.g.,bwp-InactivityTimer) at mth slot in response to receiving a DCIindicating DL assignment on BWP 1. The UE may switch back to the defaultBWP (e.g., BWP 0) as an active BWP when the BWP inactivity timerexpires, at sth slot. The UE may deactivate the SCell and/or stop theBWP inactivity timer when the sCellDeactivationTimer expires.

Employing the BWP inactivity timer may further reduce UE's powerconsumption when the UE is configured with multiple cells with each cellhaving wide bandwidth (e.g., 1 GHz). The UE may only transmit on orreceive from a narrow-bandwidth BWP (e.g., 5 MHz) on the PCell or SCellwhen there is no activity on an active BWP.

In an example, a MAC entity may apply normal operations on an active BWPfor an activated serving cell configured with a BWP comprising:transmitting on UL-SCH; transmitting on RACH; monitoring a PDCCH;transmitting PUCCH; receiving DL-SCH; and/or (re-) initializing anysuspended configured uplink grants of configured grant Type 1 accordingto a stored configuration, if any.

In an example, on an inactive BWP for each activated serving cellconfigured with a BWP, a MAC entity may: not transmit on UL-SCH; nottransmit on RACH; not monitor a PDCCH; not transmit PUCCH; not transmitSRS, not receive DL-SCH; clear any configured downlink assignment andconfigured uplink grant of configured grant Type 2; and/or suspend anyconfigured uplink grant of configured Type 1.

In an example, if a MAC entity receives a PDCCH for a BWP switching of aserving cell while a Random Access procedure associated with thisserving cell is not ongoing, a UE may perform the BWP switching to a BWPindicated by the PDCCH.

In an example, if a bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCIformat 1_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate theactive DL BWP, from the configured DL BWP set, for DL receptions. In anexample, if a bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCI format0_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate the active ULBWP, from the configured UL BWP set, for UL transmissions.

In an example, for a primary cell, a UE may be provided by a higherlayer parameter Default-DL-BWP a default DL BWP among the configured DLBWPs. If a UE is not provided a default DL BWP by the higher layerparameter Default-DL-BWP, the default DL BWP is the initial active DLBWP.

In an example, a UE may be provided by higher layer parameterbwp-InactivityTimer, a timer value for the primary cell. If configured,the UE may increment the timer, if running, every interval of 1millisecond for frequency range 1 or every 0.5 milliseconds forfrequency range 2 if the UE may not detect a DCI format 1_1 for pairedspectrum operation or if the UE may not detect a DCI format 1_1 or DCIformat 0_1 for unpaired spectrum operation during the interval.

In an example, if a UE is configured for a secondary cell with higherlayer parameter Default-DL-BWP indicating a default DL BWP among theconfigured DL BWPs and the UE is configured with higher layer parameterbwp-InactivityTimer indicating a timer value, the UE procedures on thesecondary cell may be same as on the primary cell using the timer valuefor the secondary cell and the default DL BWP for the secondary cell.

In an example, if a UE is configured by higher layer parameterActive-BWP-DL-SCell a first active DL BWP and by higher layer parameterActive-BWP-UL-SCell a first active UL BWP on a secondary cell orcarrier, the UE may use the indicated DL BWP and the indicated UL BWP onthe secondary cell as the respective first active DL BWP and firstactive UL BWP on the secondary cell or carrier.

In an example, a wireless device may transmit one or more uplink controlinformation (UCI) via one or more PUCCH resources to a base station. Theone or more UCI may comprise at least one of: HARQ-ACK information;scheduling request (SR); and/or CSI report. In an example, a PUCCHresource may be identified by at least: frequency location (e.g.,starting PRB); and/or a PUCCH format associated with initial cyclicshift of a base sequence and time domain location (e.g., starting symbolindex). In an example, a PUCCH format may be PUCCH format 0, PUCCHformat 1, PUCCH format 2, PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4. A PUCCHformat 0 may have a length of 1 or 2 OFDM symbols and be less than orequal to 2 bits. A PUCCH format 1 may occupy a number between 4 and 14of OFDM symbols and be less than or equal to 2 bits. A PUCCH format 2may occupy 1 or 2 OFDM symbols and be greater than 2 bits. A PUCCHformat 3 may occupy a number between 4 and 14 of OFDM symbols and begreater than 2 bits. A PUCCH format 4 may occupy a number between 4 and14 of OFDM symbols and be greater than 2 bits. The PUCCH resource may beconfigured on a PCell, or a PUCCH secondary cell.

In an example, when configured with multiple uplink BWPs, a base stationmay transmit to a wireless device, one or more RRC messages comprisingconfiguration parameters of one or more PUCCH resource sets (e.g., atmost 4 sets) on an uplink BWP of the multiple uplink BWPs. Each PUCCHresource set may be configured with a PUCCH resource set index, a listof PUCCH resources with each PUCCH resource being identified by a PUCCHresource identifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid), and/or a maximum number ofUCI information bits a wireless device may transmit using one of theplurality of PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set.

In an example, when configured with one or more PUCCH resource sets, awireless device may select one of the one or more PUCCH resource setsbased on a total bit length of UCI information bits (e.g., HARQ-ARQbits, SR, and/or CSI) the wireless device will transmit. In an example,when the total bit length of UCI information bits is less than or equalto 2, the wireless device may select a first PUCCH resource set with thePUCCH resource set index equal to “0”. In an example, when the total bitlength of UCI information bits is greater than 2 and less than or equalto a first configured value, the wireless device may select a secondPUCCH resource set with the PUCCH resource set index equal to “1”. In anexample, when the total bit length of UCI information bits is greaterthan the first configured value and less than or equal to a secondconfigured value, the wireless device may select a third PUCCH resourceset with the PUCCH resource set index equal to “2”. In an example, whenthe total bit length of UCI information bits is greater than the secondconfigured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1706),the wireless device may select a fourth PUCCH resource set with thePUCCH resource set index equal to “3”.

In an example, a wireless device may determine, based on a number ofuplink symbols of UCI transmission and a number of UCI bits, a PUCCHformat from a plurality of PUCCH formats comprising PUCCH format 0,PUCCH format 1, PUCCH format 2, PUCCH format 3 and/or PUCCH format 4. Inan example, the wireless device may transmit UCI in a PUCCH using PUCCHformat 0 if the transmission is over 1 symbol or 2 symbols and thenumber of HARQ-ACK information bits with positive or negative SR(HARQ-ACK/SR bits) is 1 or 2. In an example, the wireless device maytransmit UCI in a PUCCH using PUCCH format 1 if the transmission is over4 or more symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK/SR bits is 1 or 2. In anexample, the wireless device may transmit UCI in a PUCCH using PUCCHformat 2 if the transmission is over 1 symbol or 2 symbols and thenumber of UCI bits is more than 2. In an example, the wireless devicemay transmit UCI in a PUCCH using PUCCH format 3 if the transmission isover 4 or more symbols, the number of UCI bits is more than 2 and PUCCHresource does not include an orthogonal cover code. In an example, thewireless device may transmit UCI in a PUCCH using PUCCH format 4 if thetransmission is over 4 or more symbols, the number of UCI bits is morethan 2 and the PUCCH resource includes an orthogonal cover code.

In an example, in order to transmit HARQ-ACK information on a PUCCHresource, a wireless device may determine the PUCCH resource from aPUCCH resource set. The PUCCH resource set may be determined asmentioned above. The wireless device may determine the PUCCH resourcebased on a PUCCH resource indicator field in a DCI (e.g., with a DCIformat 1_0 or DCI for 1_1) received on a PDCCH. A 3-bit PUCCH resourceindicator field in the DCI may indicate one of eight PUCCH resources inthe PUCCH resource set. The wireless device may transmit the HARQ-ACKinformation in a PUCCH resource indicated by the 3-bit PUCCH resourceindicator field in the DCI.

FIG. 29 shows an example of mapping of PUCCH resource indication filedvalues to a PUCCH resource in a PUCCH resource set (e.g., with maximum 8PUCCH resources). In an example, when the PUCCH resource indicator inthe DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_0 or 1_1) is ‘000’, the wireless device maydetermine a PUCCH resource identified by a PUCCH resource identifier(e.g., pucch-Resourdceid) with a first value in the PUCCH resource listof the PUCCH resource set. When the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI(e.g., DCI format 1_0 or 1_1) is ‘001’, the wireless device maydetermine a PUCCH resource identified by a PUCCH resource identifier(e.g., pucch-Resourdceid) with a second value in the PUCCH resource listof the PUCCH resource set, etc. Similarly, in order to transmit HARQ-ACKinformation, SR and/or CSI multiplexed in a PUCCH, the wireless devicemay determine the PUCCH resource based on at least the PUCCH resourceindicator in a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_0/1_1), from a list of PUCCHresources in a PUCCH resource set.

In an example, the wireless device may transmit one or more UCI bits viaa PUCCH resource of an active uplink BWP of a PCell or a PUCCH secondarycell. Since at most one active uplink BWP in a cell is supported for awireless device, the PUCCH resource indicated in the DCI is naturally aPUCCH resource on the active uplink BWP of the cell.

In an example, A gNB may indicate a UE transmit one or more SRS forchannel quality estimation (e.g., CSI acquisition, or uplink beammanagement) to enable frequency-selective scheduling on the uplink.Transmission of SRS may be used for other purposes, such as to enhancepower control or to support various startup functions for UEs notrecently scheduled. Some examples include initial MCS (Modulation andCoding Scheme) selection, initial power control for data transmissions,timing advance, and frequency semi-selective scheduling.

In an example, a gNB may indicate a UE to transmit at least one of threetypes of SRS: periodic SRS transmission (type 0); aperiodic SRStransmission (type 1); semi-persistent SRS transmission. for theperiodic SRS transmission, subframes in which SRSs may be transmittedmay be indicated by cell-specific broadcast signaling, and/orUE-specific signaling.

FIG. 30A shows an example of periodic SRS transmission. Periodicity ofthe periodic SRS transmission may be a value from as often as once every2 ms to as infrequently as once every 160 ms. A UE may transmit SRSs inSC-FDMA or OFDM symbols (e.g., last 1-3 symbols in a subframe) in theconfigured subframes. FIG. 30B shows an example of aperiodic SRStransmission. A UE may transmit SRS aperiodically in response toreceiving a DCI indicating the aperiodic SRS transmission. FIG. 30Cshows an example of SP SRS transmission. In an example, a UE may receiveconfiguration parameters of SP SRS transmission. The configurationparameters may comprise at least one of: a periodicity of the SP SRStransmission; a time/frequency radio resource; cyclic shift parameters;and/or other radio parameters (e.g., bandwidth, frequency hopping,transmission comb and offset, frequency-domain position). The UE maytransmit the SP SRS in response to receiving a first MAC CE activatingthe SP SRS. The UE may repeat the SP SRS transmission with theperiodicity until receiving a second MAC CE deactivating the SP SRS. TheUE may deactivate the SP SRS and stop the SP SRS transmission inresponse to receiving the second MAC CE deactivating the SP SRS.

FIG. 31 shows an example a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ)procedure. A wireless device may receive one or more RRC messagescomprising BFRQ parameters. The wireless device may detect at least onebeam failure according to at least one of the BFRQ parameters. Thewireless device may start a first timer in response to detecting the atleast one beam failure. The first timer may be used to determine howlong the wireless device may find a candidate beam and may be referredto as a beam failure recovery timer (e.g., beamFailureRecoveryTimer).The wireless device may select a beam in response to detecting the atleast one beam failure. The wireless device may transmit at least afirst BFRQ signal to a gNB in response to selecting the beam. Thewireless device may start a response window in response to transmittingthe at least first BFRQ signal. In an example, the response window maybe a second timer with a value configured by the gNB. When the responsewindow is running, the wireless device may monitor a PDCCH in a firstcoreset. The first coreset may be associated with the BFRQ procedure. Inan example, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH in the firstcoreset in response to or after transmitting the at least first BFRQsignal. The wireless device may receive a first DCI via the PDCCH in thefirst coreset when the response window is running. The wireless devicemay consider the BFRQ procedure successfully completed when receivingthe first DCI via the PDCCH in the first coreset before the responsewindow expires. The wireless device may stop the first timer and/or stopthe response window in response to the BFRQ procedure successfully beingcompleted.

In an example, when the response window expires and the wireless devicedoes not receive the DCI, the wireless device may, before the firsttimer expires, perform one or more actions comprising at least one of: aBFRQ signal transmission; re-starting the response window; or monitoringthe PDCCH. In an example, the wireless device may repeat the one or moreactions until the BFRQ procedure successfully completes or the firsttimer expires.

In an example, when the first timer expires and the wireless device doesnot receive the DCI, the wireless device may declare (or indicate) aBFRQ procedure failure. In an example, when a number of transmissions ofBFRQ signals is greater than a configured number, a wireless device maydeclare (or indicate) a BFRQ procedure failure. In an example, after awireless device declares (or indicates) a BFRQ procedure failure, awireless device may keep monitoring a PDCCH in a first coreset and maymiss PDCCH detection in a normal coreset and the wireless device maylose a connection with the base station. In an example, the wirelessdevice may unnecessarily initiate a random access procedure when thewireless device indicates a radio link failure in response to a BFRQprocedure failure.

In existing technologies, as shown in FIG. 32 , a base station mayconfigure (at most) eight spatial relation reference signals for thewireless device. A beam may be associated with one or more of thespatial relation reference signals (e.g., a beam may be referred to asone or more reference signals with beamforming). The wireless device maytransmit PUCCH with a transmission beam based on one of the eightspatial relation reference signals. When the wireless device moves in acell, two beams of the configured spatial relation reference signals forthe wireless device may be blocked by obstacles (e.g., a building, car,and/or tree). The wireless device may not receive reference signals in alocation covered by the blocked beams. The wireless device may notdetermine a spatial domain transmission filter for an uplinktransmission of PUCCH due to the beam blocking. The base station mayinitiate an RRC reconfiguration to configure other spatial relationreference signals for the wireless device to avoid the beam blocking.The RRC reconfiguration for the wireless device for intracell mobilitymay introduce more signaling overhead and long latency. The base stationmay configure a large number of spatial relation reference signals(e.g., 64 RSs may be configured) for the wireless device. The basestation may transmit a MAC CE to activate a reference signal from thelarge number of spatial relation reference signals (e.g., with 64 RSs)for the wireless device. The MAC CE may occupy physical downlink sharedchannel resources and introduce a long latency due to a necessaryacknowledge of HARQ process. The base station may indicate, with adownlink control information to the wireless device, a spatial relationreference signal of the large number of spatial relation referencesignals (e.g., 64 RSs). The large number of spatial relation referencesignals may introduce comparatively more signaling overhead in downlinkcontrol information of physical layer. In the following, severalembodiments with low latency and low signaling overhead are described,in which the MAC CE may activate one or more spatial relation referencesignal sets (not a reference signal) and the DCI may indicate areference signal or a reference signal set from the one or more spatialrelation reference signal sets activated by the MAC CE.

FIG. 33A illustrates an example embodiment of configuration andactivation/deactivation for multiple spatial relation RS sets. A basestation may configure multiple RS sets for a wireless device (e.g. viaan RRC message). The wireless device may use the multiple RS sets asspatial relation reference signal sets for determining a PUCCHtransmission beam. The multiple RS sets may comprise RS set 0, RS set 1,. . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N. In an example, k may be a positiveinteger and larger than 1. In an example, N may be a positive integerand larger than 1. Each of the multiple RS sets may comprise a set ofRSs. In an example, the set of RSs may comprise one or more CSI-RSs. Inan example, the set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. In an example,the set of RSs may comprise one or more SRSs. In an example, the set ofRSs may comprise a combination of one or more different types of RSs(e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSs and SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of themultiple RS sets may comprise a same number of RSs or beams. In anexample, the different RS sets of the multiple RS sets may comprise adifferent number of RSs or beams. The base station may configure anumber of RSs for the multiple RS sets to the wireless device (e.g. viaan RRC message). The number of RSs may be equal to the number of RSs ofthe multiple RS sets. The base station may activate an RS set of themultiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RSset N) via a MAC CE for the wireless device. The base station mayactivate RS set k via the MAC CE for the wireless device. The basestation may transmit to the wireless device a downlink controlinformation comprising parameters indicating a selection of a RS fromthe activated RS set k. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter for PUCCH transmission based on the RS setand the downlink control information. The wireless device may determinean uplink transmission beam for PUCCH based on the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via PUCCH with the uplink transmission beam. The wirelessdevice may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domain filter as fora reception of an SSB, if the RS indicated by the DCI is the SSB. Thewireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domainfilter as for a reception of a CSI-RS, if the RS indicated by the DCI isthe CSI-RS. The wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a samespatial domain filter as for a transmission of an SRS, if the RSindicated by the DCI is the SRS.

FIG. 33B illustrates an example of a MAC CE structure foractivation/deactivation of multiple RS sets. A base station may transmitthe MAC CE to a wireless device for activation/deactivation of themultiple RS sets for spatial relation RS determination. The MAC CE mayactivate/deactivate one or more of the multiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0,RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N) configured by an RRCmessage. The base station may activate RS set k via the MAC CE for thewireless device. The MAC CE may comprise two octets. The MAC CE maycomprise a serving cell ID indication. The MAC CE may comprise a BWP IDindication. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on acell with the serving cell ID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate themultiple RS sets on a BWP with the BWP ID. The MAC CE mayactivate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a BWP of a cell with the BWPID and the serving cell ID. One bit of the MAC CE may be associated withone of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRC message (e.g., bi maybe associated with one of the multiple RS sets, and i is from 0 to 7). Abi may indicate an activated/deactivated status of one of the multipleRS sets. When bi is set to “1”, an RS set associated with bi may beactivated. When bi is set to “0”, the RS set associated with bi may bedeactivated. The wireless device may determine, according to the MAC CE,a status of an RS set. A combination of eight bits (e.g., b0, b1, b2,b3, . . . , b7) of the MAC CE may activate one of the multiple RS sets(e.g., a total number of the multiple RS sets is equal to or less than64). The combination of eight bits (b0, b1, b2, b3, . . . , b7) maydeactivate one of the multiple RS sets. The combination of eight bitswith values “00000000” may activate an RS set with the first index ofthe multiple RS sets configured by the RRC message. The combination ofeight bits with values “00000001” may activate an RS set with the secondindex of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRC message. The MAC CEmay be identified by a MAC PDU sub-header with an LCID. In an example,the LCID may be set to “101101”.

In an example, as shown in FIG. 33C, the base station may transmit tothe wireless device a downlink control information (DCI) comprising anRS indication, e.g., after the base station transmits the MAC CEactivating an RS set. The wireless device may receive the DCI from acommon search space or a UE specific search space of a control resourceset (CORSET). The RS indication of the DCI may indicate an RS from theactivated RS set. The DCI may indicate an RS of the RS set (e.g., RS setk) activated by a MAC CE. The indicating the RS of the RS set maycomprise indicating the RS index or the RS identification (e.g., RS n)of the RS set. The wireless device may determine, according to the DCI,the RS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The DCI may comprise a bitfield to indicate the RS. The bit field may comprise a plurality ofbits. The bit field may comprise 3 bits. When the bit field is 000, theDCI may indicate a RS with index 0. When the bit field is 001, the DCImay indicate a RS with index 1. When the bit field is 010, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 2. When the bit field is 011, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 3. When the bit field is 100, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 4. When the bit field is 101, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 5. When the bit field is 110, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 6. When the bit field is 111, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 7. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on the RS (e.g., the wireless devicemay determine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS indicatedby the DCI). The UE capability of beam correspondence may comprise UEcapability of determining an uplink transmission beam based on adownlink reception beam. The UE capability of beam correspondence maycomprise UE capability of determining a downlink reception beam based onan uplink transmission beam. The wireless device may determine thespatial domain transmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the samespatial domain transmission filter as that of the SRS indicated by theDCI). The wireless device may transmit uplink control information via aPUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless devicemay obtain an uplink beam using the spatial domain transmission filter.The wireless device may transmit the uplink control information viaPUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 34 illustrates an example of determination procedurefor a spatial domain transmission filter with embodiments of the presentdisclosure. A wireless device may receive one or more RRC messages froma base station at time T1. The one or more RRC messages may comprisespatial relation configuration parameters of a PUCCH on a cell. Theconfiguration parameters may indicate a plurality of reference signal(RS) sets. The configuration parameters may indicate a number of RSs forthe plurality of RS sets. The number of RSs may be equal to the numberof RSs of the plurality of RS sets. Each of the plurality of RS sets maycomprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more CSI-RSs.In an example, the set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. The set ofRSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs may comprise acombination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSsand SRSs). Different RS sets of the plurality of RS sets may comprise asame number of RSs or beams. Different RS sets of the plurality of RSsets may comprise a different number of RSs or beams. The wirelessdevice may receive a MAC CE from the base station at time T2. The MAC CEmay activate an RS set of the plurality of RS sets for the wirelessdevice. The RS set may comprise multiple RSs or beams. The wirelessdevice may determine a spatial domain transmission filter for PUCCHtransmission based on the RS set and a downlink control information. Thewireless device may determine an uplink transmission beam for PUCCHbased on the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device maytransmit uplink control information via PUCCH with the uplinktransmission beam. The wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using asame spatial domain filter as for a reception of an SSB, if the RSindicated by the DCI is the SSB. The wireless device may transmit thePUCCH using a same spatial domain filter as for a reception of a CSI-RS,if the RS indicated by the DCI is the CSI-RS. The wireless device maytransmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domain filter as for atransmission of an SRS, if the RS indicated by the DCI is the SRS.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI) attime T3. The DCI may indicate an RS of the RS set activated by the MACCE. The wireless device may receive the DCI from a common search spaceor a UE specific search space of a control resource set (CORSET). The RSindication of the DCI may indicate an RS from the activated RS set. TheDCI may indicate an RS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. Theindicating the RS of the RS set may comprise indicating the RS index orthe RS identification of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. Thewireless device may determine, according to the DCI, the RS of the RSset activated by the MAC CE. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on the RS indicated by the DCI at timeT4. The wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmissionfilter according to UE capability of beam correspondence based on an SSBor a CSI-RS indicated by the DCI. The wireless device may determine thespatial domain transmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the samespatial domain transmission filter as that of the SRS indicated by theDCI). The wireless device may transmit uplink control information via aPUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter at time T5. Thewireless device may determine an uplink beam using the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplink controlinformation via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 35 illustrates an example of flow chart ofdetermination for a spatial domain transmission filter in accordancewith embodiments of the present disclosure. A wireless device mayreceive one or more RRC messages from a base station. The one or moreRRC messages may comprise spatial relation configuration parameters of aPUCCH on a cell. The configuration parameters may indicate a pluralityof reference signal (RS) sets. The configuration parameters may indicatea number of RSs for the plurality of RS sets. The number of RSs may beequal to the number of RSs in the plurality of RS sets. The wirelessdevice may receive a MAC CE from the base station. The MAC CE mayactivate an RS set of the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device.The RS set may comprise multiple RSs or beams. The wireless device maydetermine a spatial domain transmission filter for PUCCH transmissionbased on the RS set and a downlink control information.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI).The RS indication of the DCI may indicate an RS from the RS set. The DCImay indicate an RS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The indicatingthe RS of the RS set may comprise indicating the RS index or the RSidentification of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The wirelessdevice may determine, according to the DCI, the RS of the RS setactivated by the MAC CE. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on the RS indicated by the DCI. Thewireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filteraccording to UE capability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or aCSI-RS indicated by the DCI. The wireless device may determine thespatial domain transmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the samespatial domain transmission filter as that of the SRS indicated by theDCI). The wireless device may transmit uplink control information via aPUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless devicemay determine an uplink beam using the spatial domain transmissionfilter. The wireless device may transmit the uplink control informationvia the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, a wireless device may receive, from a base station, oneor more messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters ofa physical uplink control channel, wherein the configuration parametersmay indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The wirelessdevice may receive a medium access control control element activating anRS set of the plurality of RS sets. The wireless device may receive adownlink control information indicating an RS of the RS set. Thewireless device may determine, based on the RS, a spatial domaintransmission filter for the physical uplink control channel. Thewireless device may transmit, in response to the determining, uplinkcontrol information via the physical uplink control channel using thespatial domain transmission filter. The RS set may comprise SS/PBCHblock (SSB), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and/orsounding reference signal (SRS). The RS set may comprise the same numberof RSs. The receiving the downlink control information may comprisereceiving the downlink control information from a common search space ora user equipment (UE) specific search space of a control resource set(CORSET). The indicating the RS of the RS set may comprise indicatingthe RS index or the RS identification of the RS set. The determining,based on the RS, the spatial domain transmission filter may comprisedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter according to thecapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS. Thedetermining, based on the RS, the spatial domain transmission filter maycomprise determining the spatial domain transmission filter based on anSRS. The transmitting uplink control information via the physical uplinkcontrol channel using the spatial domain transmission filter maycomprise transmitting the uplink control information via physical uplinkcontrol channel with an uplink beam based on the spatial domaintransmission filter.

FIG. 36A illustrates an example embodiment of configuration andactivation/deactivation for multiple spatial relation RS sets. In anexample, a base station may configure multiple RS sets for a wirelessdevice (e.g. via an RRC message). The wireless device may use themultiple RS sets as spatial relation reference signal sets fordetermining a PUCCH transmission beam. The multiple RS sets may compriseRS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N. In an example, kmay be a positive integer and larger than 1. In an example, N may be apositive integer and larger than 1. In an example, each of the multipleRS sets may comprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one ormore CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. The set ofRSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs may comprise acombination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSsand SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of the multiple RS sets maycomprise a same number of RSs or beams. The different RS sets of themultiple RS sets may comprise a different number of RSs or beams. Thebase station may configure a number of RSs for the multiple RS sets tothe wireless device (e.g. via an RRC message). The number of RSs may beequal to the number of RSs in the multiple RS sets. The base station mayactivate one or more RS sets of the multiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RSset 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N) via a MAC CE for the wirelessdevice. The base station may activate three RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RSset 1 and RS set k) via the MAC CE for the wireless device. The wirelessdevice may determine a spatial domain transmission filter for PUCCHtransmission based on the one or more RS sets and a downlink controlinformation. The wireless device may determine an uplink transmissionbeam for PUCCH based on the spatial domain transmission filter. Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via PUCCH withthe uplink transmission beam.

FIG. 33B illustrates an example of a MAC CE structure foractivation/deactivation of multiple RS sets. In an example, a basestation may transmit the MAC CE to a wireless device foractivation/deactivation of the multiple RS sets for spatial relation RSdetermination. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate one or more of themultiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RSset N) configured by an RRC message. The base station may activate threeRS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1 and RS set k) via the MAC CE for thewireless device. The MAC CE may comprise two octets. The MAC CE maycomprise a serving cell ID indication. The MAC CE may comprise a BWP IDindication. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on acell with the serving cell ID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate themultiple RS sets on a BWP with the BWP ID. The MAC CE mayactivate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a BWP of a cell with the BWPID and the serving cell ID. In an example, one bit of the MAC CE may beassociated with one of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRCmessage (e.g., bi may be associated with one of the multiple RS sets,and i is from 0 to 7). In an example, a bi may indicate anactivated/deactivated status of one of the multiple RS sets. In anexample, when bi is set to “1”, an RS set associated with bi may beactivated. In an example, when bi is set to “0”, the RS set associatedwith bi may be deactivated. The wireless device may determine, accordingto the MAC CE, a status of an RS set. In an example, a combination ofeight bits (e.g., b0, b1, b2, b3, b7) of the MAC CE may activate one ofthe multiple RS sets (e.g., a total number of the multiple RS sets isequal to or less than 64). The combination of eight bits (b0, b1, b2,b3, b7) may deactivate one of the multiple RS sets. The combination ofeight bits with values “00000000” may activate an RS set with the firstindex of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRC message. Thecombination of eight bits with values “00000001” may activate an RS setwith the second index of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRCmessage. The base station may transmit three MAC CEs to activate threeRS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1 and RS set k) when activating with thecombination of eight bits. The MAC CE may be identified by a MAC PDUsub-header with an LCID. The LCID may be set to “101101”.

In an example, as shown in FIG. 36B, the base station may transmit tothe wireless device a downlink control information (DCI) comprising anRS set indication, e.g., after the base station transmits the MAC CEactivating one or more RS sets. The wireless device may receive the DCIfrom a common search space or a UE specific search space of a controlresource set (CORSET). The RS set indication of the DCI may indicate anRS set from the one or more RS sets. The DCI may indicate an RS set ofthe one or more RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, RS set k) activatedby a MAC CE. The indicating the RS set of the one or more RS sets maycomprise indicating the RS set index or the RS set identification (e.g.,RS set 1) of the one or more RS sets. The wireless device may determine,according to the DCI, the RS set of the one or more RS sets activated bythe MAC CE. The DCI may comprise a bit field to indicate the RS set. Thebit field may comprise a plurality of bits. The bit field may comprise 3bits. In an example, when the bit field is 000, the DCI may indicate anRS set with index 0. In an example, when the bit field is 001, the DCImay indicate an RS set with index 1. In an example, when the bit fieldis 010, the DCI may indicate an RS set with index 2. In an example, whenthe bit field is 011, the DCI may indicate an RS set with index 3. In anexample, when the bit field is 100, the DCI may indicate an RS set withindex 4. In an example, when the bit field is 101, the DCI may indicatean RS set with index 5. In an example, when the bit field is 110, theDCI may indicate an RS set with index 6. In an example, when the bitfield is 111, the DCI may indicate an RS set with index 7. The wirelessdevice may select an RS from the RS set indicated by the DCI. Theselecting the RS from the RS set may be based on an RSRP value or asignal to noise plus interference ratio (SNIR) value. The wirelessdevice may select the RS with a maximum RSRP value or a maximum SINRvalue from the RS set. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on the selected RS from the RS set(e.g., the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmissionfilter according to UE capability of beam correspondence based on an SSBor a CSI-RS selected from the RS set indicate by the DCI). The UEcapability of beam correspondence may comprise UE capability ofdetermining an uplink transmission beam based on a downlink receptionbeam. The UE capability of beam correspondence may comprise UEcapability of determining a downlink reception beam based on an uplinktransmission beam. The wireless device may determine the spatial domaintransmission filter based on an SRS selected from the RS set indicatedby the DCI (e.g., using the same spatial domain transmission filter asthat of the SRS selected from the RS set indicated by the DCI). Thewireless device may select the SRS from the RS set based on a DCI or itsimplementation (e.g., with less power consumption). The wireless devicemay transmit uplink control information via a PUCCH using the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may obtain an uplinkbeam using the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless devicemay transmit the uplink control information via PUCCH with the uplinkbeam.

In an example, FIG. 37 illustrates an example of determination procedurefor a spatial domain transmission filter with embodiments of the presentdisclosure. In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRCmessages from a base station at time T1. The one or more RRC messagesmay comprise spatial relation configuration parameters of a PUCCH on acell. The configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of referencesignal (RS) sets. The configuration parameters may indicate a number ofRSs for the plurality of RS sets. The number of RSs may be equal to thenumber of RSs in the plurality of RS sets. In an example, each of theplurality of RS sets may comprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs maycomprise one or more CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or moreSSBs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs maycomprise a combination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g.,SSBs, CSI-RSs and SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of theplurality of RS sets may comprise a same number of RSs or beams. In anexample, different RS sets of the plurality of RS sets may comprise adifferent number of RSs or beams. The wireless device may receive a MACCE from the base station at time T2. The MAC CE may activate one or moreRS sets of the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The RS setmay comprise multiple RSs or beams. The wireless device may determine aspatial domain transmission filter for PUCCH transmission based on theone or more RS sets and a downlink control information. The wirelessdevice may determine an uplink transmission beam for PUCCH based on thespatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmituplink control information via PUCCH with the uplink transmission beam.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI) attime T3. The DCI may indicate an RS set of the one or more RS setsactivated by the MAC CE. The wireless device may receive the DCI from acommon search space or a UE specific search space of a control resourceset (CORSET). The RS set indication of the DCI may indicate an RS setfrom the one or more RS sets. The DCI may indicate an RS set of the oneor more RS sets activated by the MAC CE. The indicating the RS set ofthe one or more RS sets may comprise indicating the RS set index or theRS set identification of the one or more RS sets activated by the MACCE. The wireless device may determine, according to the DCI, the RS setof the one or more RS sets activated by the MAC CE. The wireless devicemay determine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a selectedRS from the RS set indicated by the DCI at time T4. The wireless devicemay select the RS from the RS set indicated by the DCI. The selectingthe RS from the RS set may be based on an RSRP value or a signal tonoise plus interference ratio (SNIR) value. The wireless device mayselect the RS with a maximum RSRP value or a maximum SINR value from theRS set. The wireless device may determine the spatial domaintransmission filter according to UE capability of beam correspondencebased on an SSB or a CSI-RS selected from the RS set indicated by theDCI. The wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmissionfilter based on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatial domain transmissionfilter as that of the SRS selected from the RS set indicated by theDCI). The wireless device may select the SRS from the RS set based on aDCI or its implementation (e.g., with less power consumption). Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via a PUCCHusing the spatial domain transmission filter at time T5. The wirelessdevice may determine an uplink beam using the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplink controlinformation via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 38 illustrates an example of flow chart ofdetermination for a spatial domain transmission filter in accordancewith embodiments of the present disclosure. In an example, a wirelessdevice may receive one or more RRC messages from a base station. The oneor more RRC messages may comprise spatial relation configurationparameters of a PUCCH on a cell. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The configurationparameters may indicate a number of RSs for the plurality of RS sets.The number of RSs may be equal to the number of RSs in the plurality ofRS sets. The wireless device may receive a MAC CE from the base station.The MAC CE may activate one or more RS sets of the plurality of RS setsfor the wireless device. The RS set may comprise multiple RSs or beams.The wireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filterfor PUCCH transmission based on the one or more RS sets and a downlinkcontrol information.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI).The RS set indication of the DCI may indicate an RS set of the one ormore RS sets. The DCI may indicate an RS set of the one or more RS setsactivated by the MAC CE. The indicating the RS set of the one or more RSsets may comprise indicating the RS set index or the RS setidentification of the one or more RS sets activated by the MAC CE. Thewireless device may determine the RS set of the one or more RS setsactivated by the MAC CE according to the DCI. The wireless device maydetermine a spatial domain transmission filter based on a RS selectedfrom the RS set indicated by the DCI. The wireless device may determinethe spatial domain transmission filter according to UE capability ofbeam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS selected from the RS setindicated by the DCI. The wireless device may determine the spatialdomain transmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatialdomain transmission filter as that of the SRS selected from the RS setindicated by the DCI). The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via a PUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter.The wireless device may determine an uplink beam using the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplinkcontrol information via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, a wireless device may receive, from a base station, oneor more messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters ofa physical uplink control channel, wherein the configuration parametersmay indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The wirelessdevice may receive a medium access control control element activatingone or more RS sets of the plurality of RS sets. The wireless device mayreceive a downlink control information indicating an RS set of the oneor more RS sets. The wireless device may determine, based on a selectedRS from the RS set, a spatial domain transmission filter for thephysical uplink control channel. The wireless device may transmit, inresponse to the determining, uplink control information via the physicaluplink control channel using the spatial domain transmission filter. TheRS set may comprise SS/PBCH block (SSB), channel state informationreference signal (CSI-RS) and/or sounding reference signal (SRS). The RSset may comprise the same number of RSs. The receiving the downlinkcontrol information may comprise receiving the downlink controlinformation from a common search space or a user equipment (UE) specificsearch space of a control resource set (CORSET). The indicating the RSset of the one or more RS sets may comprise indicating an RS set indexor an RS set identification of the one or more RS sets. The determining,based on the selected RS from the RS set, the spatial domaintransmission filter may comprise determining the spatial domaintransmission filter according to the capability of beam correspondencebased on an SSB or a CSI-RS selected from the RS set. The determining,based on the selected RS from the RS set, the spatial domaintransmission filter may comprise determining the spatial domaintransmission filter based on an SRS selected from the RS set. Thetransmitting uplink control information via the physical uplink controlchannel using the spatial domain transmission filter may comprisetransmitting the uplink control information via physical uplink controlchannel with an uplink beam based on the spatial domain transmissionfilter.

FIG. 39A illustrates an example embodiment of configuration andactivation/deactivation for multiple spatial relation RS sets. In anexample, a base station may configure multiple RS sets for a wirelessdevice (e.g. via an RRC message). The wireless device may use themultiple RS sets as spatial relation reference signal sets fordetermining a PUCCH transmission beam. The multiple RS sets may compriseRS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N. In an example, kmay be a positive integer and larger than 1. In an example, N may be apositive integer and larger than 1. In an example, each of the multipleRS sets may comprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one ormore CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. The set ofRSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs may comprise acombination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSsand SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of the multiple RS sets maycomprise a same number of RSs or beams. The different RS sets of themultiple RS sets may comprise a different number of RSs or beams. Thebase station may configure a number of RSs for the multiple RS sets tothe wireless device (e.g. via an RRC message). The number of RSs may beequal to the number of RSs in the multiple RS sets. The base station mayactivate an RS set of the multiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, .. . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N) via a MAC CE for the wireless device.The base station may activate RS set N via the MAC CE for the wirelessdevice. The wireless device may determine, based on a selected RS fromthe RS set (e.g., RS set N), a spatial domain transmission filter forPUCCH transmission.

The wireless device may select an RS from the RS set activated by theMAC CE. The selecting the RS from the RS set may be based on an RSRPvalue or a signal to noise plus interference ratio (SNIR) value. Thewireless device may select the RS with a maximum RSRP value or a maximumSINR value from the RS set. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on the selected RS from the RS set(e.g., the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmissionfilter according to UE capability of beam correspondence based on an SSBor a CSI-RS selected from the RS set indicate by the DCI). The UEcapability of beam correspondence may comprise UE capability ofdetermining an uplink transmission beam based on a downlink receptionbeam. The UE capability of beam correspondence may comprise UEcapability of determining a downlink reception beam based on an uplinktransmission beam. The wireless device may determine the spatial domaintransmission filter based on an SRS selected from the RS set activatedby the MAC CE (e.g., using the same spatial domain transmission filteras that of the SRS selected from the RS set indicated by the DCI). Thewireless device may select the SRS from the RS set based on a DCI or itsimplementation (e.g., with less power consumption). The wireless devicemay transmit uplink control information via a PUCCH using the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may obtain an uplinkbeam using the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless devicemay transmit the uplink control information via PUCCH with the uplinkbeam.

FIG. 33B illustrates an example of a MAC CE structure foractivation/deactivation of multiple RS sets. In an example, a basestation may transmit the MAC CE to a wireless device foractivation/deactivation of the multiple RS sets for spatial relation RSdetermination. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate one or more of themultiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RSset N) configured by an RRC message. The base station may activate RSset N via the MAC CE for the wireless device. The MAC CE may comprisetwo octets. The MAC CE may comprise a serving cell ID indication. TheMAC CE may comprise a BWP ID indication. The MAC CE mayactivate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a cell with the serving cellID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a BWPwith the BWP ID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS setson a BWP of a cell with the BWP ID and the serving cell ID. In anexample, one bit of the MAC CE may be associated with one of themultiple RS sets configured by the RRC message (e.g., bi may beassociated with one of the multiple RS sets, and i is from 0 to 7). Inan example, a bi may indicate an activated/deactivated status of one ofthe multiple RS sets. In an example, when bi is set to “1”, an RS setassociated with bi may be activated. In an example, when bi is set to“0”, the RS set associated with bi may be deactivated. The wirelessdevice may determine, according to the MAC CE, a status of an RS set. Inan example, a combination of eight bits (e.g., b0, b1, b2, b3, b7) ofthe MAC CE may activate one of the multiple RS sets (e.g., a totalnumber of the multiple RS sets is equal to or less than 64). Thecombination of eight bits (b0, b1, b2, b3, b7) may deactivate one of themultiple RS sets. The combination of eight bits with values “00000000”may activate an RS set with the first index of the multiple RS setsconfigured by the RRC message. The combination of eight bits with values“00000001” may activate an RS set with the second index of the multipleRS sets configured by the RRC message. The MAC CE may be identified by aMAC PDU sub-header with an LCID. The LCID may be set to “101101”.

FIG. 39B illustrates an example embodiment of configuration andindication for multiple spatial relation RS sets. In an example, a basestation may configure multiple RS sets for a wireless device (e.g. viaan RRC message). The wireless device may use the multiple RS sets asspatial relation reference signal sets for determining a PUCCHtransmission beam. The multiple RS sets may comprise RS set 0, RS set 1,. . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N. In an example, k may be a positiveinteger and larger than 1. In an example, N may be a positive integerand larger than 1. In an example, each of the multiple RS sets maycomprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more CSI-RSs.The set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. The set of RSs maycomprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs may comprise a combination ofone or more different types of RSs (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSs and SRSs). In anexample, different RS sets of the multiple RS sets may comprise a samenumber of RSs or beams. The different RS sets of the multiple RS setsmay comprise a different number of RSs or beams. The base station mayconfigure a number of RSs for the multiple RS sets to the wirelessdevice (e.g. via an RRC message). The number of RSs may be equal to thenumber of RSs in the multiple RS sets. The base station may indicate anRS set of the multiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS setk, . . . , RS set N) via a DCI for the wireless device.

The wireless device may receive the DCI from a common search space or aUE specific search space of a control resource set (CORSET). The RS setindication of the DCI may indicate an RS set of the multiple RS sets.The DCI may indicate an RS set of the multiple RS sets configured by anRRC message (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS setN). The indicating the RS set of the multiple RS sets may compriseindicating the RS set index or the RS set identification (e.g., RS setk) of the multiple RS sets. The wireless device may determine, accordingto the DCI, the RS set of the multiple RS sets configured by the RRCmessage. The DCI may comprise a bit field to indicate the RS set. Thebit field may comprise a plurality of bits. The bit field may comprise 3bits. In an example, when the bit field is 000, the DCI may indicate aRS set with index 0. In an example, when the bit field is 001, the DCImay indicate a RS set with index 1. In an example, when the bit field is010, the DCI may indicate a RS set with index 2. In an example, when thebit field is 011, the DCI may indicate a RS set with index 3. In anexample, when the bit field is 100, the DCI may indicate a RS set withindex 4. In an example, when the bit field is 101, the DCI may indicatea RS set with index 5. In an example, when the bit field is 110, the DCImay indicate a RS set with index 6. In an example, when the bit field is111, the DCI may indicate a RS set with index 7. The wireless device mayselect an RS from the RS set indicated by the DCI. The selecting the RSfrom the RS set may be based on an RSRP value or a signal to noise plusinterference ratio (SNIR) value. The wireless device may select the RSwith a maximum RSRP value or a maximum SINR value from the RS set. Thewireless device may determine a spatial domain transmission filter basedon the selected RS from the RS set (e.g., the wireless device maydetermine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS selectedfrom the RS set indicate by the DCI). The UE capability of beamcorrespondence may comprise UE capability of determining an uplinktransmission beam based on a downlink reception beam. The UE capabilityof beam correspondence may comprise UE capability of determining adownlink reception beam based on an uplink transmission beam. Thewireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filterbased on an SRS selected from the RS set indicated by the DCI (e.g.,using the same spatial domain transmission filter as that of the SRSselected from the RS set indicated by the DCI). The wireless device mayselect the SRS from the RS set based on a DCI or its implementation(e.g., with less power consumption). The wireless device may transmituplink control information via a PUCCH using the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may obtain an uplink beam usingthe spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmitthe uplink control information via PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 40 illustrates an example of determination procedurefor a spatial domain transmission filter with embodiments of the presentdisclosure. In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRCmessages from a base station at time T1. The one or more RRC messagesmay comprise spatial relation configuration parameters of a PUCCH on acell. The configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of referencesignal (RS) sets. The configuration parameters may indicate a number ofRSs for the plurality of RS sets. The number of RSs may be equal to thenumber of RSs in the plurality of RS sets. In an example, each of theplurality of RS sets may comprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs maycomprise one or more CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or moreSSBs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs maycomprise a combination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g.,SSBs, CSI-RSs and SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of theplurality of RS sets may comprise a same number of RSs or beams. In anexample, different RS sets of the plurality of RS sets may comprise adifferent number of RSs or beams. The wireless device may receive a MACCE or a DCI from the base station at time T2. The MAC CE may activate anRS set of the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The DCI mayindicate an RS set of the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device.The RS set may comprise multiple RSs or beams. The wireless device maydetermine, based on a selected RS from the RS set, a spatial domaintransmission filter for PUCCH transmission. The wireless device maydetermine an uplink transmission beam for PUCCH based on the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit uplinkcontrol information via PUCCH with the uplink transmission beam.

The wireless device may receive the DCI from a common search space or aUE specific search space of a control resource set (CORSET). The DCI mayindicate an RS set of the plurality of RS sets. The indicating the RSset of the plurality of RS sets may comprise indicating the RS set indexor the RS set identification of the plurality of RS sets. The wirelessdevice may determine, according to the DCI or the MAC CE, the RS set ofthe plurality of RS sets. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter based on a selected RS from the RS setindicated by the DCI or activated by the MAC CE at time T3. The wirelessdevice may select the RS from the RS set indicated by the DCI oractivated by the MAC CE. The selecting the RS from the RS set may bebased on an RSRP value or a signal to noise plus interference ratio(SNIR) value. The wireless device may select the RS with a maximum RSRPvalue or a maximum SINR value from the RS set. The wireless device maydetermine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS selectedfrom the RS set indicated by the DCI or activated by the MAC CE. Thewireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filterbased on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatial domain transmission filteras that of the SRS selected from the RS set indicated by the DCI oractivated by the MAC CE). The wireless device may select the SRS fromthe RS set based on a DCI or its implementation (e.g., with less powerconsumption). The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via a PUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter attime T4. The wireless device may determine an uplink beam using thespatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit theuplink control information via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 41 illustrates an example of flow chart ofdetermination for a spatial domain transmission filter in accordancewith embodiments of the present disclosure. In an example, a wirelessdevice may receive one or more RRC messages from a base station. The oneor more RRC messages may comprise spatial relation configurationparameters of a PUCCH on a cell. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The configurationparameters may indicate a number of RSs for the plurality of RS sets.The number of RSs may be equal to the number of RSs in the plurality ofRS sets. The wireless device may receive a MAC CE activation or a DCIfrom the base station. The MAC CE may activate an RS set of theplurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The DCI may indicate an RSset of the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The RS set maycomprise multiple RSs or beams. The wireless device may determine, basedon a selected RS from the RS set, a spatial domain transmission filterfor PUCCH transmission.

The wireless device may select the RS from the RS set indicated by theDCI or activated by the MAC CE. The selecting the RS from the RS set maybe based on an RSRP value or a signal to noise plus interference ratio(SNIR) value. The wireless device may select the RS with a maximum RSRPvalue or a maximum SINR value from the RS set. The wireless device maydetermine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS selectedfrom the RS set indicated by the DCI or activated by the MAC CE. Thewireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filterbased on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatial domain transmission filteras that of the SRS selected from the RS set indicated by the DCI oractivated by the MAC CE). The wireless device may select the SRS fromthe RS set based on a DCI or its implementation (e.g., with less powerconsumption). The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via a PUCCH using the spatial domain transmission filter.The wireless device may determine an uplink beam using the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplinkcontrol information via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, a wireless device may receive, from a base station, oneor more messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters ofa physical uplink control channel, wherein the configuration parametersmay indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The wirelessdevice may receive a medium access control control element activating ora downlink control information indicating an RS set of the plurality ofRS sets. The wireless device may determine, based on a selected RS fromthe RS set, a spatial domain transmission filter for the physical uplinkcontrol channel. The wireless device may transmit, in response to thedetermining, uplink control information via the physical uplink controlchannel using the spatial domain transmission filter. The RS set maycomprise SS/PBCH block (SSB), channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS) and/or sounding reference signal (SRS). The RS set may comprisethe same number of RSs. The receiving the downlink control informationmay comprise receiving the downlink control information from a commonsearch space or a user equipment (UE) specific search space of a controlresource set (CORSET). The indicating the RS set of the plurality of RSsets may comprise indicating the RS set index or the RS setidentification of the plurality of RS sets. The determining, based onthe selected RS from the RS set, the spatial domain transmission filtermay comprise determining the spatial domain transmission filteraccording to the capability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or aCSI-RS selected from the RS set. The determining, based on the selectedRS from the RS set, the spatial domain transmission filter may comprisedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter based on an SRSselected from the RS set. The transmitting uplink control informationvia the physical uplink control channel using the spatial domaintransmission filter may comprise transmitting the uplink controlinformation via physical uplink control channel with an uplink beambased on the spatial domain transmission filter.

FIG. 33A illustrates an example embodiment of configuration andactivation/deactivation for multiple spatial relation RS sets. In anexample, a base station may configure multiple RS sets for a wirelessdevice (e.g. via an RRC message). The wireless device may use themultiple RS sets as spatial relation reference signal sets fordetermining a PUCCH transmission beam. The multiple RS sets may compriseRS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N. In an example, kmay be a positive integer and larger than 1. In an example, N may be apositive integer and larger than 1. In an example, each of the multipleRS sets may comprise a set of RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one ormore CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SSBs. The set ofRSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The set of RSs may comprise acombination of one or more different types of RSs (e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSsand SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of the multiple RS sets maycomprise a same number of RSs or beams. The different RS sets of themultiple RS sets may comprise a different number of RSs or beams. Thebase station may configure a number of RSs for the multiple RS sets tothe wireless device (e.g. via an RRC message). The number of RSs may beequal to the number of RSs in the multiple RS sets. The base station mayactivate an RS set of the multiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, .. . , RS set k, . . . , RS set N) via a MAC CE for the wireless device.The base station may activate RS set k via the MAC CE for the wirelessdevice. The base station may transmit to the wireless device a downlinkcontrol information comprising parameters indicating a selection of a RSfrom the activated RS set k. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter for PUCCH transmission based on the RS setand the downlink control information. The wireless device may determinean uplink transmission beam for PUCCH based on the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via PUCCH with the uplink transmission beam. The wirelessdevice may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domain filter as fora reception of an SSB, if the RS indicated by the DCI is the SSB. Thewireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domainfilter as for a reception of a CSI-RS, if the RS indicated by the DCI isthe CSI-RS. The wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a samespatial domain filter as for a transmission of an SRS, if the RSindicated by the DCI is the SRS.

FIG. 33B illustrates an example of a MAC CE structure foractivation/deactivation of multiple RS sets. In an example, a basestation may transmit the MAC CE to a wireless device foractivation/deactivation of the multiple RS sets for spatial relation RSdetermination. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate one or more of themultiple RS sets (e.g., RS set 0, RS set 1, . . . , RS set k, . . . , RSset N) configured by an RRC message. The base station may activate RSset k via the MAC CE for the wireless device. The MAC CE may comprisetwo octets. The MAC CE may comprise a serving cell ID indication. TheMAC CE may comprise a BWP ID indication. The MAC CE mayactivate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a cell with the serving cellID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS sets on a BWPwith the BWP ID. The MAC CE may activate/deactivate the multiple RS setson a BWP of a cell with the BWP ID and the serving cell ID. In anexample, one bit of the MAC CE may be associated with one of themultiple RS sets configured by the RRC message (e.g., bi may beassociated with one of the multiple RS sets, and i is from 0 to 7). Inan example, a bi may indicate an activated/deactivated status of one ofthe multiple RS sets. In an example, when bi is set to “1”, an RS setassociated with bi may be activated. In an example, when bi is set to“0”, the RS set associated with bi may be deactivated. The wirelessdevice may determine, according to the MAC CE, a status of an RS set. Inan example, a combination of eight bits (e.g., b0, b1, b2, b3, b7) ofthe MAC CE may activate one of the multiple RS sets (e.g., a totalnumber of the multiple RS sets is equal to or less than 64). Thecombination of eight bits (b0, b1, b2, b3, b7) may deactivate one of themultiple RS sets. The combination of eight bits with values “00000000”may activate an RS set with the first index of the multiple RS setsconfigured by the RRC message. The combination of eight bits with values“00000001” may activate an RS set with the second index of the multipleRS sets configured by the RRC message. The MAC CE may be identified by aMAC PDU sub-header with an LCID. The LCID may be set to “101101”.

In an example, as shown in FIG. 33C, the base station may transmit tothe wireless device a downlink control information (DCI) comprising anRS indication, e.g., after the base station transmits the MAC CEactivating an RS set. The wireless device may receive the DCI from acommon search space or a UE specific search space of a control resourceset (CORSET). The RS indication of the DCI may indicate an RS of the RSset. The DCI may indicate an RS of the RS set (e.g., RS set k) activatedby a MAC CE. The indicating the RS of the RS set may comprise indicatingthe RS index or the RS identification (e.g., RS n) of the RS set. Thewireless device may determine, according to the DCI, the RS of the RSset activated by the MAC CE. The DCI may comprise a bit field toindicate the RS. The bit field may comprise a plurality of bits. The bitfield may comprise 3 bits. In an example, when the bit field is 000, theDCI may indicate a RS with index 0. In an example, when the bit field is001, the DCI may indicate a RS with index 1. In an example, when the bitfield is 010, the DCI may indicate a RS with index 2. In an example,when the bit field is 011, the DCI may indicate a RS with index 3. In anexample, when the bit field is 100, the DCI may indicate a RS with index4. In an example, when the bit field is 101, the DCI may indicate a RSwith index 5. In an example, when the bit field is 110, the DCI mayindicate a RS with index 6. In an example, when the bit field is 111,the DCI may indicate a RS with index 7. The wireless device maydetermine a spatial domain transmission filter based on the RS (e.g.,the wireless device may determine the spatial domain transmission filteraccording to UE capability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or aCSI-RS indicated by the DCI). The UE capability of beam correspondencemay comprise UE capability of determining an uplink transmission beambased on a downlink reception beam. The UE capability of beamcorrespondence may comprise UE capability of determining a downlinkreception beam based on an uplink transmission beam. The wireless devicemay determine the spatial domain transmission filter based on an SRS(e.g., using the same spatial domain transmission filter as that of theSRS indicated by the DCI). The wireless device may transmit uplinkcontrol information via a PUCCH using the spatial domain transmissionfilter. The wireless device may obtain an uplink beam using the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplinkcontrol information via PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 42A illustrates an example embodiment of PUCCHtransmission with a time offset less than a threshold value. The timeoffset may be time offset between reception of physical downlink sharedchannel (PDSCH) and the corresponding PUCCH. In an example, a PDCCH maycomprise a downlink transmission configuration indication (DL TCI) anduplink transmission configuration indication (UL TCI). The DCI for an RSof the RS set activated by MAC CE may be a UL TCI. In an example, awireless device may receive the PDCCH from a base station. The wirelessdevice may determine, in response to the time offset less than thethreshold value, a spatial domain transmission filter based on the DLTCI. The base station may configure the threshold to the wireless devicevia an RRC message. In an example, FIG. 42B illustrates an exampleembodiment of PUCCH transmission with the time offset equal to or largerthan a threshold value. The time offset may be time offset betweenreception of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and thecorresponding PUCCH. In an example, a PDCCH may comprise a downlinktransmission configuration indication (DL TCI) and uplink transmissionconfiguration indication (UL TCI). The DCI for an RS of the RS setactivated by MAC CE may be a UL TCI. In an example, a wireless devicemay receive the PDCCH from a base station. The wireless device maydetermine, in response to the time offset equal to or larger than thethreshold value, the spatial domain transmission filter based on the ULTCI. The base station may configure the threshold value to the wirelessdevice via an RRC message.

In an example, FIG. 43 illustrates an example of determination procedurefor a spatial domain transmission filter with embodiments of the presentdisclosure. In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRCmessages from a base station at time T1. The one or more RRC messagesmay comprise spatial relation configuration parameters of a PUCCH on acell. The configuration parameters may indicate a threshold value and aplurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The configuration parametersmay indicate a number of RSs for the plurality of RS sets. The number ofRSs may be equal to the number of RSs in the plurality of RS sets. In anexample, each of the plurality of RS sets may comprise a set of RSs. Theset of RSs may comprise one or more CSI-RSs. The set of RSs may compriseone or more SSBs. The set of RSs may comprise one or more SRSs. The setof RSs may comprise a combination of one or more different types of RSs(e.g., SSBs, CSI-RSs and SRSs). In an example, different RS sets of theplurality of RS sets may comprise a same number of RSs or beams. In anexample, different RS sets of the plurality of RS sets may comprise adifferent number of RSs or beams. The wireless device may receive a MACCE from the base station at time T2. The MAC CE may activate an RS setof the plurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The RS set maycomprise multiple RSs or beams. The wireless device may determine aspatial domain transmission filter for PUCCH transmission based on theRS set and a downlink control information. The wireless device maydetermine an uplink transmission beam for PUCCH based on the spatialdomain transmission filter. The wireless device may transmit uplinkcontrol information via PUCCH with the uplink transmission beam. Thewireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatial domainfilter as for a reception of an SSB, if the RS indicated by the DCI isthe SSB. The wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using a same spatialdomain filter as for a reception of a CSI-RS, if the RS indicated by theDCI is the CSI-RS. The wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using asame spatial domain filter as for a transmission of an SRS, if the RSindicated by the DCI is the SRS.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI) attime T3. The DCI may comprise a DL TCI and a UL TCI. The UL TCI mayindicate an RS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The wirelessdevice may receive the DCI from a common search space or a UE specificsearch space of a control resource set (CORSET). The UL TCI may indicatean RS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The indicating the RS ofthe RS set may comprise indicating the RS index or the RS identificationof the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The wireless device maydetermine, according to the UL TCI, the RS of the RS set activated bythe MAC CE. The wireless device may determine a spatial domaintransmission filter based on the DL TCI or the UL TCI indicated by theDCI at time T4. The wireless device may determine, in response to thetime offset less than the threshold value, a spatial domain transmissionfilter based on the DL TCI. The time offset may be time offset betweenreception of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and thecorresponding PUCCH. The wireless device may determine, in response tothe time offset equal to or larger than the threshold value, the spatialdomain transmission filter based on the UL TCI. The wireless device maydetermine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS indicatedby the DCI. The wireless device may determine the spatial domaintransmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatial domaintransmission filter as that of the SRS indicated by the DCI). Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via a PUCCHusing the spatial domain transmission filter at time T5. The wirelessdevice may determine an uplink beam using the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may transmit the uplink controlinformation via the PUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, FIG. 44 illustrates an example of flow chart ofdetermination for a spatial domain transmission filter in accordancewith embodiments of the present disclosure. In an example, a wirelessdevice may receive one or more RRC messages from a base station. The oneor more RRC messages may comprise spatial relation configurationparameters of a PUCCH on a cell. The configuration parameters mayindicate a threshold value and a plurality of reference signal (RS)sets. The configuration parameters may indicate a number of RSs for theplurality of RS sets. The number of RSs may be equal to the number ofRSs in the plurality of RS sets. The wireless device may receive a MACCE from the base station. The MAC CE may activate an RS set of theplurality of RS sets for the wireless device. The RS set may comprisemultiple RSs or beams. The wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter for PUCCH transmission based on the RS setand a downlink control information.

The wireless device may receive a downlink control information (DCI).The DCI may comprise a DL TCI and a UL TCI. The UL TCI may indicate anRS of the RS set activated by the MAC CE. The indicating the RS of theRS set may comprise indicating the RS index or the RS identification ofthe RS set activated by the MAC CE. The wireless device may determine,according to the DCI (e.g., UL TCI), the RS of the RS set activated bythe MAC CE. The wireless device may determine a spatial domaintransmission filter based on the DL TCI or the UL TCI indicated by theDCI. The wireless device may determine, in response to a time offsetless than the threshold value, a spatial domain transmission filterbased on the DL TCI. The time offset may be time offset betweenreception of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and thecorresponding PUCCH. The wireless device may determine, in response tothe time offset equal to or larger than the threshold value, the spatialdomain transmission filter based on the UL TCI. The wireless device maydetermine the spatial domain transmission filter according to UEcapability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS indicatedby the DCI. The wireless device may determine the spatial domaintransmission filter based on an SRS (e.g., using the same spatial domaintransmission filter as that of the SRS indicated by the DCI). Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via a PUCCHusing the spatial domain transmission filter. The wireless device maydetermine an uplink beam using the spatial domain transmission filter.The wireless device may transmit the uplink control information via thePUCCH with the uplink beam.

In an example, a wireless device may receive, from a base station, oneor more messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters ofa physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), wherein the configurationparameters may indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets, and athreshold value. The wireless device may receive a medium access controlcontrol element activating an RS set of the plurality of RS sets. Thewireless device may receive a downlink control information indicating adownlink transmission configuration indication (DL TCI) and an uplinktransmission configuration indication (UL TCI), wherein the UL TCIindicating an RS of the RS set. The wireless device may determine, inresponse to a first offset is equal to or greater than the thresholdvalue, a spatial domain transmission filter for the PUCCH based on theRS. The wireless device may transmit, in response to the determining,uplink control information via the PUCCH using the spatial domaintransmission filter. The wireless device may determine, in response tothe first offset is less than the threshold value, a spatial domaintransmission filter for the PUCCH based on the DL TCI and transmit, inresponse to the determining, uplink control information via the PUCCHusing the spatial domain transmission filter. The first offset may bethe time offset between reception of physical downlink shared channel(PDSCH) and the corresponding PUCCH. The RS set may comprise SS/PBCHblock (SSB), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and/orsounding reference signal (SRS). The RS set may comprise the same numberof RSs. The receiving the downlink control information may comprisereceiving the downlink control information from a common search space ora user equipment (UE) specific search space of a control resource set(CORSET). The indicating the RS of the RS set may comprise indicatingthe RS index or the RS identification of the RS set. The determining thespatial domain transmission filter for the PUCCH based on the RS maycomprise determining the spatial domain transmission filter according tothe capability of beam correspondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS. Thedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter for the PUCCH basedon the RS may comprise determining the spatial domain transmissionfilter based on an SRS. The determining the spatial domain transmissionfilter for the PUCCH based on the DL TCI may comprise determining thespatial domain transmission filter according to the capability of beamcorrespondence based on an SSB or a CSI-RS. The transmitting uplinkcontrol information via the PUCCH using the spatial domain transmissionfilter may comprise transmitting the uplink control information viaPUCCH with an uplink beam based on the spatial domain transmissionfilter.

According to various embodiments, a device such as, for example, awireless device, off-network wireless device, a base station, and/or thelike, may comprise one or more processors and memory. The memory maystore instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors,cause the device to perform a series of actions. Embodiments of exampleactions are illustrated in the accompanying figures and specification.Features from various embodiments may be combined to create yet furtherembodiments.

FIG. 45 is a flow diagram as per an aspect of an example embodiment ofthe present disclosure. At 4510, a wireless device may receive RRCmessage(s) comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aPUCCH. The configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of RS sets.An RS set of the plurality of RS sets may comprise one or more RSs. At4520, the wireless device may receive a medium access control controlelement activating the RS set of the plurality of RS sets. At 4530, thewireless device may receive a downlink control information indicating anRS of the RS set. At 4540, the wireless device may determine a spatialdomain transmission filter for the PUCCH based on the RS. At 4550, thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via the PUCCHbased on the spatial domain transmission filter.

FIG. 46 is a flow diagram as per an aspect of an example embodiment ofthe present disclosure. At 4610, a base station may transmit RRCmessage(s) comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aPUCCH. The configuration parameters may indicate a plurality of RS sets.An RS set of the plurality of RS sets may comprise one or more RSs. At4620, the base station may transmit a medium access control controlelement activating the RS set of the plurality of RS sets. At 4630, thebase station may transmit a downlink control information indicating anRS of the RS set. At 4640, the base station may receive uplink controlinformation via the PUCCH based on the RS.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. An RS set of theplurality of RS sets may comprise one or more RSs. The wireless devicemay receive a medium access control control element activating the RSset of the plurality of RS sets. The wireless device may receive adownlink control information indicating an RS of the RS set. Thewireless device may determine, based on the RS, a spatial domaintransmission filter for the physical uplink control channel. Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via the physicaluplink control channel based on the spatial domain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, each of the plurality of RS sets maycomprise one or more synchronization signal blocks. Each of theplurality of RS sets may comprise one or more channel state informationreference signals. Each of the plurality of RS sets may comprise one ormore sounding reference signals. According to various embodiments, theindicating the RS of the RS set may comprise indicating an RS index ofthe RS. According to various embodiments, the RS may be associated withan uplink beam. The RS may be associated with a downlink beam. Accordingto various embodiments, the determining, based on the RS, the spatialdomain transmission filter may comprise determining the spatial domaintransmission filter based on a capability of beam correspondence of thewireless device. According to various embodiments, the determining thespatial domain transmission filter based on the capability of beamcorrespondence may comprise determining that the spatial domaintransmission filter is the same as a spatial domain transmission filterused for a reception of a synchronization signal block indicated by thedownlink control information. According to various embodiments, thedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter based on thecapability of beam correspondence may comprise determining that thespatial domain transmission filter is the same as a spatial domaintransmission filter used for a reception of a channel state informationreference signal indicated by the downlink control information.According to various embodiments, the determining, based on the RS, thespatial domain transmission filter may comprise determining the spatialdomain transmission filter based on a sounding reference signalindicated by the downlink control information. According to variousembodiments, the determining the spatial domain transmission filterbased on the sounding reference signal may comprise determining that thespatial domain transmission filter is the same as a spatial domaintransmission filter used for a transmission of the sounding referencesignal indicated by the downlink control channel According to variousembodiments, the transmitting uplink control information via thephysical uplink control channel based on the spatial domain transmissionfilter may comprise transmitting the uplink control information via thephysical uplink control channel with an uplink beam associated with thespatial domain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit, to awireless device, one or more messages comprising spatial relationconfiguration parameters of a physical uplink control channel. Theconfiguration parameters may indicate a plurality of reference signal(RS) sets. An RS set of the plurality of RS sets may comprise one ormore RSs. The base station may transmit a medium access control controlelement activating the RS set of the plurality of RS sets. The basestation may transmit a downlink control information indicating an RS ofthe RS set. The base station may receive uplink control information viathe physical uplink control channel based on the RS.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters. The configurationparameters may indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. Thewireless device may receive a medium access control control elementactivating an RS set of the plurality of RS sets. The wireless devicemay receive a downlink control information indicating an RS of the RSset. The wireless device may determine, based on the RS, a spatialdomain transmission filter for a physical uplink control channel. Thewireless device may transmit uplink control information via the physicaluplink control channel based on the spatial domain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit, to awireless device, one or more messages comprising configurationparameters. The configuration parameters may indicate a plurality ofreference signal (RS) sets. The base station may transmit a mediumaccess control control element activating an RS set of the plurality ofRS sets. The base station may transmit a downlink control informationindicating an RS of the RS set. The base station may receive uplinkcontrol information via a physical uplink control channel based on theRS.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive a mediumaccess control control element activating a reference signal (RS) set ofa plurality of RS sets. The wireless device may receive a downlinkcontrol information indicating an RS of the RS set. The wireless devicemay determine, based on the RS, a spatial domain transmission filter fora physical uplink control channel. The wireless device may transmituplink control information via the physical uplink control channel basedon the spatial domain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit a mediumaccess control control element activating a reference signal (RS) set ofa plurality of RS sets. The base station may transmit a downlink controlinformation indicating an RS of the RS set. The base station may receiveuplink control information via a physical uplink control channel basedon the RS.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The wireless devicemay receive a medium access control control element activating one ormore RS sets of the plurality of RS sets. The wireless device mayreceive a downlink control information indicating an RS set of the oneor more RS sets. The wireless device may determine, based on a selectedRS from the RS set, a spatial domain transmission filter for thephysical uplink control channel. The wireless device may transmit uplinkcontrol information via the physical uplink control channel based on thespatial domain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The base station maytransmit a medium access control control element activating one or moreRS sets of the plurality of RS sets. The base station may transmit adownlink control information indicating an RS set of the one or more RSsets. The base station may receive uplink control information via thephysical uplink control channel based on the RS set.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The wireless devicemay receive a medium access control control element activating or adownlink control information indicating an RS set of the plurality of RSsets. The wireless device may determine, based on a selected RS from theRS set, a spatial domain transmission filter for the physical uplinkcontrol channel. The wireless device may transmit uplink controlinformation via the physical uplink control channel based on the spatialdomain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel. The configuration parameters mayindicate a plurality of reference signal (RS) sets. The base station maytransmit a medium access control control element activating or adownlink control information indicating an RS set of the plurality of RSsets. The base station may receive uplink control information via thephysical uplink control channel based on the RS set.

According to various embodiments, a wireless device may receive one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters of a physical uplinkcontrol channel (PUCCH). The configuration parameters may indicate atiming gap threshold between a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)and the PUCCH. The wireless device may receive a downlink transmissionconfiguration indication (DL TCI) indicating a first reference signal(RS) for the PDSCH. The wireless device may receive an uplinktransmission configuration indication (UL TCI) indicating a second RSfor the PUCCH. The wireless device may determine, based on a timing gapbetween a PDSCH resource and a PUCCH resource and the timing gapthreshold, a spatial domain transmission filter for transmissions viathe PUCCH resource. The spatial domain transmission filter may be basedon one of the first RS and the second RS. The wireless device maytransmit uplink control information via the PUCCH based on the spatialdomain transmission filter.

According to various embodiments, the determining, based on the timinggap between the PDSCH resource and the PUCCH resource and the timing gapthreshold, the spatial domain transmission filter may comprisedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter based on the first RSin response to the timing gap being less than the timing gap threshold.According to various embodiments, the determining, based on the timinggap between the PDSCH resource and the PUCCH resource and the timing gapthreshold, the spatial domain transmission filter may comprisedetermining the spatial domain transmission filter based on the secondRS in response to the timing gap being equal to the timing gapthreshold. According to various embodiments, the determining, based onthe timing gap between the PDSCH resource and the PUCCH resource and thetiming gap threshold, the spatial domain transmission filter maycomprise determining the spatial domain transmission filter based on thesecond RS in response to the timing gap being greater than the timinggap threshold.

According to various embodiments, a base station may transmit one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters of a physical uplinkcontrol channel (PUCCH). The configuration parameters may indicate atiming gap threshold between a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)and the PUCCH. The base station may transmit a downlink transmissionconfiguration indication (DL TCI) indicating a first reference signal(RS) for the PDSCH. The base station may transmit an uplink transmissionconfiguration indication (UL TCI) indicating a second RS for the PUCCH.The base station may receive uplink control information via the PUCCHbased on one of the first RS and the second RS.

Embodiments may be configured to operate as needed. The disclosedmechanism may be performed when certain criteria are met, for example,in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment, a network, acombination of the above, and/or the like. Example criteria may bebased, at least in part, on for example, wireless device or network nodeconfigurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packet sizes,traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and/or the like.When the one or more criteria are met, various example embodiments maybe applied. Therefore, it may be possible to implement exampleembodiments that selectively implement disclosed protocols.

A base station may communicate with a mix of wireless devices. Wirelessdevices and/or base stations may support multiple technologies, and/ormultiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices may have somespecific capability(ies) depending on wireless device category and/orcapability(ies). A base station may comprise multiple sectors. When thisdisclosure refers to a base station communicating with a plurality ofwireless devices, this disclosure may refer to a subset of the totalwireless devices in a coverage area. This disclosure may refer to, forexample, a plurality of wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G releasewith a given capability and in a given sector of the base station. Theplurality of wireless devices in this disclosure may refer to a selectedplurality of wireless devices, and/or a subset of total wireless devicesin a coverage area which perform according to disclosed methods, and/orthe like. There may be a plurality of base stations or a plurality ofwireless devices in a coverage area that may not comply with thedisclosed methods, for example, because those wireless devices or basestations perform based on older releases of LTE or 5G technology.

In this disclosure, “a” and “an” and similar phrases are to beinterpreted as “at least one” and “one or more.” Similarly, any termthat ends with the suffix “(s)” is to be interpreted as “at least one”and “one or more.” In this disclosure, the term “may” is to beinterpreted as “may, for example.” In other words, the term “may” isindicative that the phrase following the term “may” is an example of oneof a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, beemployed to one or more of the various embodiments.

If A and B are sets and every element of A is also an element of B, A iscalled a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets andsubsets are considered. For example, possible subsets of B={cell1,cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase “based on”(or equally “based at least on”) is indicative that the phrase followingthe term “based on” is an example of one of a multitude of suitablepossibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of thevarious embodiments. The phrase “in response to” (or equally “inresponse at least to”) is indicative that the phrase following thephrase “in response to” is an example of one of a multitude of suitablepossibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of thevarious embodiments. The phrase “depending on” (or equally “depending atleast to”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “dependingon” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities thatmay, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments.The phrase “employing/using” (or equally “employing/using at least”) isindicative that the phrase following the phrase “employing/using” is anexample of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or maynot, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments.

The term configured may relate to the capacity of a device whether thedevice is in an operational or non-operational state. Configured mayalso refer to specific settings in a device that effect the operationalcharacteristics of the device whether the device is in an operational ornon-operational state. In other words, the hardware, software, firmware,registers, memory values, and/or the like may be “configured” within adevice, whether the device is in an operational or nonoperational state,to provide the device with specific characteristics. Terms such as “acontrol message to cause in a device” may mean that a control messagehas parameters that may be used to configure specific characteristics ormay be used to implement certain actions in the device, whether thedevice is in an operational or non-operational state.

In this disclosure, various embodiments are disclosed. Limitations,features, and/or elements from the disclosed example embodiments may becombined to create further embodiments within the scope of thedisclosure.

In this disclosure, parameters (or equally called, fields, orInformation elements: IEs) may comprise one or more information objects,and an information object may comprise one or more other objects. Forexample, if parameter (IE) N comprises parameter (IE) M, and parameter(IE) M comprises parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K comprisesparameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N comprises K, andN comprises J. In an example embodiment, when one or more messagescomprise a plurality of parameters, it implies that a parameter in theplurality of parameters is in at least one of the one or more messages,but does not have to be in each of the one or more messages.

Furthermore, many features presented above are described as beingoptional through the use of “may” or the use of parentheses. For thesake of brevity and legibility, the present disclosure does notexplicitly recite each and every permutation that may be obtained bychoosing from the set of optional features. However, the presentdisclosure is to be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all suchpermutations. For example, a system described as having three optionalfeatures may be embodied in seven different ways, namely with just oneof the three possible features, with any two of the three possiblefeatures or with all three of the three possible features.

Many of the elements described in the disclosed embodiments may beimplemented as modules. A module is defined here as an element thatperforms a defined function and has a defined interface to otherelements. The modules described in this disclosure may be implemented inhardware, software in combination with hardware, firmware, wetware (i.e.hardware with a biological element) or a combination thereof, all ofwhich may be behaviorally equivalent. For example, modules may beimplemented as a software routine written in a computer languageconfigured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++,Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab or the like) or a modeling/simulationprogram such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEWMathScript.Additionally, it may be possible to implement modules using physicalhardware that incorporates discrete or programmable analog, digitaland/or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware comprise:computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application-specificintegrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); andcomplex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollersand microprocessors are programmed using languages such as assembly, C,C++ or the like. FPGAs, ASICs and CPLDs are often programmed usinghardware description languages (HDL) such as VHSIC hardware descriptionlanguage (VHDL) or Verilog that configure connections between internalhardware modules with lesser functionality on a programmable device. Theabove mentioned technologies are often used in combination to achievethe result of a functional module.

The disclosure of this patent document incorporates material which issubject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection tothe facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or thepatent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Officepatent file or records, for the limited purposes required by law, butotherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.

While various embodiments have been described above, it should beunderstood that they have been presented by way of example, and notlimitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevantart(s) that various changes in form and detail can be made thereinwithout departing from the scope. In fact, after reading the abovedescription, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s)how to implement alternative embodiments. Thus, the present embodimentsshould not be limited by any of the above described exemplaryembodiments.

In addition, it should be understood that any figures which highlightthe functionality and advantages, are presented for example purposesonly. The disclosed architecture is sufficiently flexible andconfigurable, such that it may be utilized in ways other than thatshown. For example, the actions listed in any flowchart may bere-ordered or only optionally used in some embodiments.

Further, the purpose of the Abstract of the Disclosure is to enable theU.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally, andespecially the scientists, engineers and practitioners in the art whoare not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology, to determinequickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of thetechnical disclosure of the application. The Abstract of the Disclosureis not intended to be limiting as to the scope in any way.

Finally, it is the applicant's intent that only claims that include theexpress language “means for” or “step for” be interpreted under 35U.S.C. 112. Claims that do not expressly include the phrase “means for”or “step for” are not to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a wirelessdevice from a base station, one or more messages comprising spatialrelation configuration parameters of a physical uplink control channel,wherein the spatial relation configuration parameters indicate aplurality of reference signal (RS) sets, wherein each RS set of theplurality of RS sets comprises two or more downlink RSs and isassociated with a respective RS set index; receiving a medium accesscontrol control element indicating respective RS set indexes formultiple RS sets of the plurality of RS sets; receiving downlink controlinformation indicating an RS set of the multiple RS sets; determining,based on a downlink RS of the RS set and a capability of beamcorrespondence of the wireless device, a spatial domain transmissionfilter for the physical uplink control channel; and transmitting uplinkcontrol information via the physical uplink control channel based on thespatial domain transmission filter.
 2. The method of claim 1, whereineach of the plurality of RS sets comprises at least one of: one or moresynchronization signal blocks; one or more channel state informationreference signals; and one or more sounding reference signals.
 3. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the downlink control information furtherindicates an RS set index of the RS set.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein the downlink RS is associated with an uplink beam or a downlinkbeam.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the spatialdomain transmission filter based on the capability of beamcorrespondence comprises determining that the spatial domaintransmission filter is a same spatial domain transmission filter usedfor reception of a synchronization signal block of the RS set.
 6. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the determining the spatial domaintransmission filter based on the capability of beam correspondencecomprises determining that the spatial domain transmission filter is asame spatial domain transmission filter used for reception of a channelstate information reference signal of the RS set.
 7. The method of claim1, wherein the determining the spatial domain transmission filter isfurther based on a sounding reference signal of the RS set.
 8. Themethod of claim 7, wherein the determining the spatial domaintransmission filter further based on the sounding reference signalcomprises determining that the spatial domain transmission filter is asame spatial domain transmission filter used for a transmission of thesounding reference signal.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein thetransmitting the uplink control information via the physical uplinkcontrol channel based on the spatial domain transmission filtercomprises transmitting the uplink control information via the physicaluplink control channel with an uplink beam associated with the spatialdomain transmission filter.
 10. A wireless device comprising: one ormore processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed bythe one or more processors, cause the wireless device to: receive one ormore messages comprising spatial relation configuration parameters of aphysical uplink control channel, wherein the spatial relationconfiguration parameters indicate a plurality of reference signal (RS)sets, wherein each RS set of the plurality of RS sets comprises two ormore downlink RSs and is associated with a respective RS set index;receive a medium access control control element indicating respective RSset indexes for multiple RS sets of the plurality of RS sets; receivedownlink control information indicating an RS set of the multiple RSsets; determine, based on a downlink RS of the RS set and a capabilityof beam correspondence of the wireless device, a spatial domaintransmission filter for the physical uplink control channel; andtransmit uplink control information via the physical uplink controlchannel based on the spatial domain transmission filter.
 11. Thewireless device of claim 10, wherein each of the plurality of RS setscomprises at least one of: one or more synchronization signal blocks;one or more channel state information reference signals; and one or moresounding reference signals.
 12. The wireless device of claim 10, whereinthe downlink control information further indicates an RS set index ofthe RS set.
 13. The wireless device of claim 10, wherein theinstructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further causethe wireless device to determine that the spatial domain transmissionfilter is a same spatial domain transmission filter used for receptionof a synchronization signal block of the RS set.
 14. The wireless deviceof claim 10, wherein the instructions, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, further cause the wireless device to determine that thespatial domain transmission filter is a same spatial domain transmissionfilter used for reception of a channel state information referencesignal of the RS set.
 15. The wireless device of claim 10, wherein theinstructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further causethe wireless device to determine the spatial domain transmission filterfurther based on a sounding reference signal of the RS set.
 16. Thewireless device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed bythe one or more processors, further cause the wireless device todetermine that the spatial domain transmission filter is a same spatialdomain transmission filter used for a transmission of the soundingreference signal.
 17. The wireless device of claim 10, wherein theinstructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further causethe wireless device to transmit the uplink control information via thephysical uplink control channel with an uplink beam associated with thespatial domain transmission filter.
 18. A system comprising: a wirelessdevice comprising: one or more processors; and memory storinginstructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, causethe wireless device to: receive one or more messages comprising spatialrelation configuration parameters of a physical uplink control channel,wherein the spatial relation configuration parameters indicate aplurality of reference signal (RS) sets, wherein each RS set of theplurality of RS sets comprises two or more downlink RSs and isassociated with a respective RS set index; receive a medium accesscontrol control element indicating respective RS set indexes formultiple RS sets of the plurality of RS sets; receive downlink controlinformation indicating an RS set of the multiple RS sets; determine,based on a downlink RS of the RS set and a capability of beamcorrespondence of the wireless device, a spatial domain transmissionfilter for the physical uplink control channel; and transmit uplinkcontrol information via the physical uplink control channel based on thespatial domain transmission filter; and a base station comprising: oneor more second processors; and second memory storing second instructionsthat, when executed by the one or more second processors, cause the basestation to: transmit, to the wireless device, the one or more messages;transmit the medium access control control element; transmit thedownlink control information; and receive the uplink controlinformation.